ზიარების შესახებ

შესავალი

gadaWarbebis gareSe rom iTqvas, Cven vcxovrobT, sulisaTvis saSiS da safrTxeebiT aRsavse droSi. metadre, gansacdelebisa da cdunebebis, informaciuli, fizikuri da biologiuri toqsinebis da Sxamebis garemoSi. Cven vimyofebiT da sulieri disonansis, wonasworobis darRvevis atmosferoSi. es dro saSiSia ara mxolod Tavisi mZulvarebiT, ganxeTqilebiTa da sisxlianobiT, aramed saSiSia is yvelaze metad RmrTisa da misi sasufevlis winaaRmdeg ajanyebiT, romelic sul ufro da ufro Zlierdeba. isev ara RmerTi, aramed adamiani gaxda sazomi yovelive sagnisa da movlenisa. gaaqtiurebulia sulieri brZolebi. dRes arapirdapiri saxiT gvitevs aTeizmi, is aRaraa vulgaruli saxiT  SemoTavazebuli, vulgaruli aTeizmi ukve gadavida `modidan~. adamianis maimunisagan warmoSobis Tvalsazrisi yvelas mobezrda, TviT borot Zalasac moyirWda aseTi saxis primitivizmi. amitom dRes ufro daxvewili formiT gvTavazoben mas: zneobis qurqSi gaxveuli garyvnilebiT da RmrTis mcnebebis winaaRmdeg mimarTuli uzneo moZRvrebebiT, romlebic ganuwyvetliv iRvreba satelevizio gadacemebidan da Jurnal-gazeTebidan. aseve RmerTis gareSe cxovrebas qadageben seqtantebi, gadagvarebuli da damaxinjebuli qristianobis mqadageblebi. dRes ara rwmena, aramed utopiuri ideologia gansazRvravs samyaros sulier mdgomareobas. ekonomikurma, politikurma da fsiqologiurma midgomebma Secvales samyaros qristianuli xedva. TiTqmis wamierad aRmocenda `Tavisuflebis religia~. mTels msoflioSi Camoyalibdnen sazogadoebebi, romlebic icaven abortebs, mamaTmavlobas da mravali garyvnilebis da uxamsobis uflebebs _ da es yvelaferi xdeba Tavisuflebis, mSvidobis da gaerTianebis saxeliT.

Cven ara es mSvidoba mogvitana da gvaxara ufalma ieso qristem. am mozRvavebuli borotebis dasaZlevad Cven gvinda SevaCeroT yuradReba ara misi Semadgeneli nawilebis ganxilvaze, aramed evqaristiul saidumloze, eklesiaze, romelic am saidumloTi cocxlobs. swored iq, eklesiis wmidaTa-wmidaSi, aris wyaro saRmrTo aRorZinebisa, eklesiis zeaRsvlaSi saRmrTo trapezTan, mis samkvidrebelSi. dRes Cven ufro gamZafrebiT gvmarTebs brZola garemos uaryofiT da sulisaTvis mavne SemotevebTan. Cven dRes didi moSurneobiT unda viswrafodeT siwmindis wyarosken, romelic ufalma Cvenma ieso qristem mogvca wminda ziarebis saxiT. unda veziaroT xSirad da ara marto xSirad, aramed yovelTvis, rodesac gveZleva amis saSualeba. veziaroT ara meqanikurad, aramed, ramdenadac SegviZlia, gacnobierebulad, qristesmieri siyvaruliT. sul sxvaa qristesmieri siyvaruli da sul sxvaa vnebiani da miwieri, vulgaruli da familaruli. swored ziarebisaTvis mzadeba, TviT ziareba da Semdeg ziarebis mier miRebuli madlis SenarCunebis mcdeloba, romelic, Tavis mxriv, warmoadgens kvlav ziarebisaTvis mzadebas, swored aseTi jaWvuri Tanmimdevroba nergavs CvenSi siwmindes da WeSmarit saRmrTo siyvaruls.

 Cven gvinda, gvwamdes iseve,  rogorc yovelTvis wamda eklesias, rom saRmrTo aRorZineba iwyeba, codvebiT aRsavse ama soflis datevebiT. religia, filosofia, fsiqologia _ yovelive marTlmadideblobaSi hpovebs sinaTles, rameTu marTlmadideblobaa is realoba, romlis dacva aris eklesiis mowodeba dedamiwaze, esaa wyaro, mizezi da mizani misi msaxurebisa. RmerTis mowyalebiT, swored marTlmadideblobam Semogvinaxa saukuneebis manZilze saRmrTo gamocxadeba, es mniSvneloba eklesiisa, codna, rom `sadac eklesiaa, iq aris suli wminda da mTeli sisavse madlisa~ (irineos lioneli `eresebis winaaRmdeg~, 4. 18) swored amitom Cven, marTlmadideblebma, unda vpovoT CvenSi Zalebi, raTa srulad miviRoT monawileoba eklesiis evqaristiul aRorZinebaSi. saubaria im xedvasTan da gamocdilebasTan dabrunebaze, romliTac sul Tavidan cxovrobda eklesia.

 winamdebare naSromi miznad isaxavs saRmrTismetyvelo literaturaSi evqaristiuli kanonis da wminda ziarebis Sesaxeb arsebuli zogierTi Tvalsazrisis sinTezs da analizs. masSi SeZlebisdagvarad siRrmiseuladaa ganxiluli is, Tu ras warmoadgens adamianisTvis uflis wmida sisxli da xorci. Tu, rogori damokidebuleba hqondaT masTan warsul saukuneebSi qristianebs, da rogori damokidebuleba unda gvqondes masTan dRes. naSromi efuZneba rogorc naTargmn, aseve qarTulenovan saeklesio literaturas. is Sedgenilia sxvadasxva saeklesio moRvaweTa, saRmrTismetyvelo naSromebsa da wmida mamaTa swavlebebze dayrdnobiT.

Tema Sedgeba X Tavisagan. oTxi maTgani eyrdnoba aTonis mTaze moRvawe sqemmonazon grigolis naSroms ` Литургия Божественной Евхаристии~.

I TavSi _ `Zveli aRTqmis winasaxeebi~ saubaria im movlenebze, romlebic Zveli aRTqmis periodSi aResruleboda da im qmedebebze mianiSneben, romlebic momavalSi unda aRsrulebuliyo.

II TavSi `paseqi: gadasvla Zvelidan axalSi~ warmodgenilia Zveli da axali aRTqmis paseqi da maTi mniSvneloba.

III Tavi `saidumlos dadgineba~ eZRvneba ieso qristes mier ziarebis saidumlos dawesebas da imas, Tu ra movlenebi uZRoda amas win.

VI TavSi `maziarebelTa ganxorcieleba qristeSi~ moTxrobilia imis Sesaxeb, Tu rogor xdeba adamianis SeerTeba RmerTTan wmida ziarebis saSualebiT, anu rogor xdeba adamianis ganRmrToba.

      IV da VII Tavebi eyrdnoba RvTismetyvelebis doqtoris, mRvdel aleqsandre Smemanis wigns ` Евхаристия таинство царства ~. igi mogviTxrobs im cvlilebebze, rac droTa ganmavlobaSi eklesiaSi RvTismsaxurebam ganicada da am cvlilebebidan warmoqmnil garkveul problemebsa da uzustobebze. wignis avtoris zogierTi naSromi gaakritika eklesiam da usargeblod cno isini, radgan maTSi SeiniSneboda wmida mamaTa tradiciebidan gadaxveva da ganmaaxleblobis suliskveTeba. Aaleqsandre Smemanis Tanamedrove moRvawe iyo sakmaod didi avtoritetis mqone mRvdelmonazoni seraphim rouzi. is Tavis wignSi romlis saxelwodebaa:   Y,,Не ат мира сего ’’ ასევე აკრიტიკებს ალექსანდრ შმემანის ნაშრომებს, თუმცა აღნიშნავს, რომ მღვდელი ალექსანდრე გულით იყო მართლმადიდებელი ქრისტიანი და მას ჭეშმარიტად ამოძრავებდა მისი თანამედროვე ადამიანების რელიგიური სულისკვეთების ამაღლების სურვილი. ასევე აღნიშნავს მამა სერაფიმე, რომ ალექსანდრ შმემანს ქონდა ისეთი ნაშრომებიც, რომლებიც მისაღები და სასარგებლოც არის მართლმადიდებელი ქრისტიანებისათვის. ჩვენ შმემანის ზემოთ ნახსენები წიგნიდან ,, Евхаристия таинство царства’’ გამოვკრიბეთ ის თავები, რომლებიც ვფიქრობთ გადმოცემენ ეკლესიის სწავლებას და სულიერ სარგებელს მოუტანენ მის მკითხველს. winamdebare naSromis IV Tavi `Sekrebis saidumlo~ aRebulia Smemanis xsenebuli wignidan, romelSic ganxilulia eklesia, rogorc krebiTi sazogadoeba. aseve VII TavSi `ziarebis saidumlo~ saubaria wminda ZRvenis Sesaxeb.

V Tavi `wminda ZRvenis gardaqmna evqaristiul saidumloSi~, sadac saubaria evqaristiis dros purisa da Rvinis WeSmaritad qristes sisxlad da xorcad gardaqmnaze, eyrdnoba rus saeklesio mwerals v.a. malaxovs.

VIII Tavi `swavleba imis Sesaxeb, rom ganuwyvetliv unda veziarebodeT qristes wminda saidumlos~, agebulia amave saxelwodebis wignis mixedviT, romelic Sedgenilia wm. nikodimos mTawmindelisa da Rirsi mamis makari korinTelis mier. am wignSi amomwuravad aris dasabuTebuli, rom qristiani valdebulia eziarebodes yovelTvis, roca wirvas eswreba. winamdebare naSromSi gTavazobT mcire nawils aRniSnuli wignidan.

IX TavSi `raTa ara sasjelad, gina dasasjelad gveqmnes ziareba wmidaTa SenTa saidumloTa~ saubaria imis Sesaxeb, Tu ramdenad saSiSia udierad miaxleba wminda ZRvenTan.

X Tavi `eklesia gvixmobs xSiri ziarebisaken~ kidev erTxel Segvaxsenebs xSiri ziarebis aucileblobisa da misgan miRebuli sulieri sargeblis Sesaxeb.

Zveli aRTqmis winasaxeebi*

RmerTis adamianebTan urTierTobis saidumlo aResrula maSin, rodesac dadga dro `aRvsebisa mis JamTaÁsa~ (efes. 1. 10) e. i. rodesac adamianebi SeZlebdnen mieRoT es urTierToba,  mogviTxrobs aTonis wminda mTaze moRvawe sqemmonazoni grigoli. saRmrTo istoria gviCvenebs, rom yoveli drois gansazRvrul nawilSi RmerTs adamianebTan imis SesabamisadQhqonda urTierToba, Tu ramdenad iZleoda amis saSualebas  TviT adamianis sulieri mdgomareoba da RmrTis madlis miRebis unari.

Zveli aRTqmis periodi kacobriobis udidesi nawilisaTvis iyo dro eSmakisadmi monobisa, dro xrwnilebisa da sikvdilisadmi msaxurebisa. swored am dros RmerTi gvicxadebda gamoxsnis saidumlos winasaxeebs, anu im movlenebs da  saRmrTo qmedebebs, romlebic mianiSinebdnen imaze, rac momavalSi unda aRsrulebuliyo. saRmrTo evqaristiis saidumlo mravali movleniT gacxadda Zveli aRTqmis periodSi. es movlenebi eklesiis mamaTa mier ganixileba axali aRTqmis Suqze, rameTu isini WeSmaritebas iuwyebian. qristes mosvla iyo gadasvla Zveli aRTqmis monobidan axali aRTqmis TavisuflebaSi. misi siaxlove `yovelsave axal-hyofs~ (gamocx. 21. 5) da TviT misi ganxorcieleba Seadgens `erTaderT siaxles cisqveSeTSi~.

pirveli istoriuli movlena, romelic gamosaxavs saRmrTo evqaristias, iyo melqisedekis mier purisa da Rvinis Sewirva (Sesaq. 14. 13-20).

pavle mociquli ebraelTa mimarT epistoleSi, rodesac xsnis am movlenas, ambobs, rom qriste  iqmna "mRvdelmTavar wessa mas zeda melqisedekissa" (ebr. 6. 20). "umamo, udedo, naTesavmouxseniebel, arca dasabami dReTaÁ, arca aRsasruli cxorebisaÁ aqvs" (ebr. 7. 3). melqisedeki  aris saxe ieso qristesi. eklesiis erT-erTi moZRvari, wm. klimenti aleqsandrieli Tvlis, rom puri da Rvino, romelic melqisedekma abraams miarTva, iyo winasaxe ieso qristes wmida ZRvenisa: `melqisedekma, mefeman salemisaman, maRali RmrTis mRvdelman, miarTva nakurTxi sakvebi _ puri da Rvino _ saxed evqaristiisa~. wmida kipriane, karTagenis episkoposi aseve Tvlida melqisedeks qristes saxed da mis ZRvens _ saxed qristes ZRvenisa: `mRvdelSi, melqisedekSi, Cven vxedavT qristes msxverplis saidumlos winagamosaxulebas~.

am azrs iziarebs wm. ioane oqropiric, romelic melqisedekze wers: "moqmedebda ra winaswarmetyveluri suliT ganmsWvaluli, hbaZvida ra qristes, ifiqra, mierTmia winasaxe momavalSi kacobriobis gamoxsnisaTvis Sewiruli ZRvenisa. man puriT da RviniT pativ-hsca RmerTs". amitom melqisedekis mier puris da Rvinis mirTmeva ar iyo SemTxveviTi. es gvauwyebda kacobriobisaTvis qristes mier Sewirul msxverpls. suli wmindis gardamosvlis Semdeg SesaZlebeli gaxda gaazreba am msxverplisa, romelic ar iyo ganxorcielebuli droSi. qristes mosvlamde mravali saukunis ganmavlobaSi mas hbaZavdnen msxverplSewirvis saSualebiT. `ucqer ra saxes _ wers oqropiri _ ifiqre WeSmaritebaze da aRfrTovandi wminda werilis ZaliT: imiT, rom TavSive da adreve gvacnoba man is, rac SemdegSi unda momxdariyo~.1

aRniSnul sakiTxze aseve saubrobs wm. mama ioane damaskeli: `da kvalad puriTa da RviniTa istumra melqisedekman abrahami, moqceul raÁ iyo devnisagan ucxo TeslTaÁsa, xolo iyo melqisedek mRvdeli RmrTisa maRlisaÁ. igi ukue trapezi wina-gamohsaxvida trapezsa amas saidumloisasa, viTarca TviT mRvdeli igi saxe iyo, momaswavebeli WeSmaritisa mis mRvdelmTavrisa qristesi, rameTu Tqmul ars, viTarmed `Sen xar mRvdel uku wessa mas zeda melqisedekissa~.2

erTi fraza, romelic gvxvdeba mesiis Sesaxeb winaswarmetyvelebaSi, Zveli aRTqmis patriarq iakobTan (dabadeba 49. 11), wm. ioane oqropirs aZlevs  safuZvels, isaubros sauflo msxverplze da saRmrTo evqaristiaze. ` RvinoSi recxavs Tavis samosels da yurZnis sisxlSi - Tavis tansacmels~ _ ambobs patriarqi iakobi. xedavT, rogor gvexsneba aq saidumlo mTeli sisavsiT. recxavs RvinoSi Tavis samosels. e.i. samosels,  romelic man (qristem) saRmrTo aRmSeneblobisaTvis Seimosa da Semdeg Cven rom gvcodnoda, Tu ra Rvinoa es, dasZina: `da yurZnis sisxlSi Tavis tansacmels~. sisxlis dasaxelebiT man Cven gagvixsna saidumlo dakvlisa da jvrisa, rac Semdeg gaxda safuZveli sulieri aRmSeneblobisa.

patriarq iakobis Svilebma moismines es mesianisturi winaswarmetyveleba, magram ver gaiges. is maTTvis idumalebiT iyo moculi. ieso qristes mosvlis Semdeg Cven naTlisRebis saSualebiT gangvecxada am saidumlos arsi. naTelRebulni arian swored is adamianebi, romlebic wminda ziarebiT miRebuli madlis mier yurZnis sisxlSi wmenden TavianT samosels.

saRmrTo evqaristia msgavsia iona winaswarmetyvelis mier msxverplis Sewirvisa (3 mef. 18. 17-40). rogorc maSin winaswarmetyvelis locviT zecidan gardamoxda cecxli da dawva msxverpli, msgavsi saxiT mRvdeli dgas wminda trapezis win, `ara nivTier cecxls gardamoiwvevs zecidan, aramed suliwmidas, raTa aRanTos yoveli morwmunis guli ZRvenze gardamosuli madlis mier~.1

esaia winaswarmetyveli, rodesac saubrobs uflis mier winaswarmetyveluri msaxurebis dawyebisaTvis mis mowodebaze, gviyveba Tavisi araCveulebrivi xilvis Sesaxeb, romelic win uswrebda am mowodebas da   romelmac moamzada igi aRniSnuli msaxurebisaTvis. `da iqmna welsa, romelsa mokvda ozia mefe, vixile ufali, mjdomare saydarsa zeda maRalsa da aRmatebulsa, da savse iyo saxli didebiTa misiTa. da serafimni dges garemoÁs missa. eqvsni frTeni erTsa da eqvsni frTeni erTsa da oriTa ukue daiburvides pirsa, xolo oriTa daiburvides ferxTa da oriTa frinvides. da RaRadebdes moyvasisa mimarT  da ityodes: wmida ars, wmida ars, wmida ars ufali sabaoT! savse ars yoveli qveyana didebiTa misiTa! da amaRlda zeSTa karisa xmisagan, romeli RaRadebdes, da saxli aRivso kvamliTa. da vTqu: hoi, ubadruksa me, rameTu Sekdemul var, rameTu kacad myofi da arawmidaTa bageTa mqonebeli saSual erisa, arawmidaTa bageTa mqonebelisa, mkvidr var me da meufe ufali sabaoT vixile TvaliTa CemiTa. da moivlina Cemdamo erTi serabimTagani da xelsa Sina aqunda nakvercxali, romeli marwuxiTa moiRo sakurTxevelisagan~ (esaia 6. 1-6). wminda mamebisaTvis, romlebmac Seadgines saRmrTo liturgiis Tanmimdevroba, ar iyo umniSvnelo es xilva. esaia winaswarmetyveli aRgviwers zecas da angelozTa msaxurebas. es Semrigebluri msaxureba ucnobi iyo adamianisaTvis RmerTis gancxadebamde: zecasa da qveyanas Soris didi danaxeTqi iyo damtkicebuli (Sdr. lk. 16. 26). RmrTis sityvis ganxorcielebam daarRvia mtrobis Sua kedeli. ufskruli, romelic manamde damtkicebuli iyo RmerTsa da adaminas Soris,  zecis da qveyanis SeerTebis adgilad gadaiqca. angelozebi Camodian ra dedamiwaze, ganadideben zecaTa meufes, maTi galoba, rogorc gamarjvebis himni, taZrebSi RmrTis sadideblad aResruleba. amitomac, sasuliero piri, rodesac dgas wminda trapezTan, aRavlens sityvier msaxurebas da rodesac wiravs saRmrTo msxverpls, ara ubralod mogviwodebs Cven RmrTis didebisaken, aramed moixsenebs ra qerubimebs da serabimebs, yvelas mogvixmobs am saxiT aRvimaRloT xma zecad, raTa movwyvitoT Cveni fiqrebi miwier sazrunavs da mogvmarTavs yvela CvenTagans: `Sen galob serabimebTan erTad, maSin serabimebTan erTad dadeqi, maSin maTTan erTad aRfrindi gonebis frTebiT zeciur sakurTxevelSi. esaias mier xiluli samsxverplo aris winasaxea dRevandeli usisxlo msxverplisa, is cecxli  saxea am sulieri cecxlisa. magram maSin ver gabedes serafimebma xeliT Sexebodnen, aramed mxolod marwuxiT _xolo Cven xeliT viRebT mas~.1

`nakvercxali ixila esaiam (es. 6,6) - wers ioane damaskeli - magram nakvercxali litoni xe rodia, aramed cecxlTan SeerTebuli. amgvaradve, ziarebis puric litoni puri rodia, aramed _ RmrTeebasTan SeerTebuli, xolo RmrTeebasTan SeerTebuli sxeuli ar aris erTi buneba, aramed erTia buneba sxeulisa xolo meore - masTan SeerTebuli RmrTeebisa~2

angelozi marwuxiT iRebs almodebul nakvercxals, winasaxes da xatebas qristes sulieri cecxlisa. am nakvercxalma ganwminda winaswarmetyvelis bageni, raTa eqcia isini RmrTis bageebad. morwmune, rodesac mieaxleba cxovrebis barZims, ZrwoliT da sixaruliT eziareba sulier cecxls, romlic ganwmends mTel mis arsebas. wvavs sibilwes da gamouTqmelad rwyavs mas madliT. vinc eziareba (saRmrTo) nakvercxals _ qristes, xdeba ara bage RmrTisa, aramed RmerTSemosili da qristeSemosili (wm. ioane oqropiri).

qristes msxverpli _ es aris wminda msxverpli, romelzec saubrobs winaswarmetyveli malaqia. `miT, rameTu aRmosavalTaÁTgan mzisaÁT da vidre dasavalTamde saxeli Cemi didebul ars warmarTTa Soris da yovelsa adgilsa sakmeveli mierTmis saxelsa Cemsa da msxverpli wmindaÁ~ (mal. 1. 11). `rodis moxda es? _ kiTxulobs wm. ioane oqropiri, _ rodis iyo, rodesac yovel adgilas sakmeveli Seiwireboda uflisaTvis? rodis aris msxverpli WeSmaritad wminda? da Tu Sen ar SegiZlia daasaxelo sxva dro, maSin am drod miiCnie qristes mosvlis Semdgomi periodi~.1

mama grigolis azriT es movlenebi, winasaxeebi, da winaswarmetyveluri sityvebi gamoxataven RmrTaebrivi evqaristiis saidumlos. yovel am movlenaSi aris momentebi, romlebic mogvagoneben evqaristiul msxverplSewirvas. melqisedekis puri da Rvino, abraamis mier Sesawirad miyvanili Tavisi erTaderTi sayvareli Ze, samsxverplo, nakvercxali da angelozTa  msaxureba winaswarmetyvelTa xilvebSi _ am momentebis meSveobiT iqmneba saxe wminda ZRvenisa.

magram am winasaxeTa namdvili azri dafaruli iyo Zveli aRTqmis dros - ganagrZobs Txrobas aToneli mama grigoli - es iyo aCrdili, winasaxe momavali keTildReobisa, romelTa arseboba `versad SemZlebel iyvnes SemwirvelTa maT gansrulebad~ (ebr. 10. 1). maTi daniSnuleba iyo, euwyebinaT momavali WeSmaritebis Sesaxeb. sityvis, ufal ieso qristes ganxorcielebis wyalobiT, `erma, romeli sxda bnelsa, ixila naTeli didi~ (mT. 4. 16). qristem Tavisi brwyinvale mosvliT `gananaTlna kideni qveyanisani~. Zveli ganaxlda, xrwnadma SeiZina uxrwneleba, mokvdavma _ ukvdaveba. movida naTeli cxovrebisa (ioan. 8. 12) da dairRva sikvdilis safarveli (mT. 4. 16). aw yoveli aRivso naTliT (aRdgomis kanoni), yovelivem SeiZina naTeli da WeSmariteba. molodebadi da sxvadasxva winasaxeebiT gamoxatuli adamianis gamoxsnis saidumlo, xdeba istoriulad aRsrulebuli movlena.

paseqi: gadasvla Zvelidan axalSi*

sqemmonazon grigolis mixedviT, Zvel aRTqmaSi centraluri adgili uWiravs rCeuli eris egviptidan gamosvlas da aRTqmul qveyanaSi Sesvlas, romelic aRiniSneboda paseqis dResawauliT. israelis eri imyofeboda egviptelebis tyveobaSi, mTeli kacobrioba codvas da sikvdils iyo damonebuli. rogorc Zvelad moses, aseve qristes kacobrioba mihyavs aRTqmul qveyanaSi. kacobrioba mihyveba qristes, gadadis am samyarodan mamasTan zecaSi. ufalma mogviwoda, raTa miwieri yofidan RmrTis sasufevelSi damkvidrebas movixsenebdeT evqaristiul saidumloSi da vmadlobdeT mas, vinc es ganaxorciela. saRmrTo evqaristia warmoadgens, eklesiis axali, rCeuli eris paseqis saRamos. RmerTi gviCvenebs  gzas, Tu rogor gamovxatoT mis mimarT Cveni siyvaruli da madliereba, radgan surs, rom gagvaTavisuflos Cven codvisagan da zecaSi agviyvanos, raTa Cvenc angelozebTan erTad ganvadidebdeT mis wminda saxels. `Tu Cven vixsenebT  adamianTa keTil saqmeebs, da Zlier gviTbeba guli siyvaruliT, miT ufro, meufis wminda ZRvenis uwyveti moxsenebiT metad viqnebiT mondomebulni misi mcnebebis aRsasruleblad, rameTu madlis SesanarCunebis yvelaze kargi saSualeba aris maradis moxsenieba am madlisa da ganuwyveteli madlobis Sewirva am udidesi sikeTis moniWebisaTvis. amitom saSinel saidumlos, romlis mier moxda kacobriobis gamoxsna, aResruleba ra yoveli Sekrebisas, hqvia evqaristia, radgan am dros xdeba moxsenieba RmrTis wyalobisa, romelic gamoxatavs RmrTis nebis sidiades. am saidumloSi monawileobiT vswavlobT imas, rom yvelafrisaTvis vmadlobdeT am saidumlos momniWebels. uflis xorcieli jvarcma da misi sxeulidan gardamosuli sisxli aris swored RmrTis mier adamianisadmi gaRebuli mowyaleba. `ama xorcisa wil ganmarTlda adami (Sesaqme, 14,12) - wers wmida grigol palama - ama sisxlisa wil gadarCa israelianTa modgma egvipteSi (gamosvlaTa 12,23) ama sisxlisa wil gabrwyinda ZvelTaZveli sakurTxeveli uflisa (gamosvl. 40,10), ama sisxliT Tavad wmidaTawmida ganibana, gabrwyinda RmrTis sadideblad, daadgina dedamiwaze wmida alagni, mRvdelni, mRvdelmTavarni da RmrTiv mironcxeba daawesa. ama sisxlisa gareSe verc aaroni SeaRwevda caTa sasufevelSi. da Cvenc, Tuki gulis Semusvrilebis Semdgom ar veziarebiT am sisxls, ver davimkvidrebT sasufevels, verc zeciuri mamis Zeni SeviqmnebiT da verc sayvarelni qristesni.~[1]

evqaristiul saidumloSi mRvdeli mogviwodebs vmadlobdeT RmerTs mTeli samyarosaTvis - yofilis, axlandelis da romelic amis Semdeg iqneba. am msxverpls avyavarT Cven zecaSi da xorcieli adamianidan gvaqcevs angelozs mimsgavsebul sulier arsebad. rameTu angelozebic Seadgenen eklesiis dass, madloben RmerTs adamianTa mimarT gamovlenili sikeTis gamo da xmoben: `dideba maRalTa Sina RmerTsa, qveyanasa zeda mSvidoba da kacTa Soris saTnoeba~ (lk. 2. 14).

xorcSesxmis wyalobiT samyaro aRivso mSvidobiT. RmerTi iRebs adamianur bunebas da aRadgens mas pirvelqmnil silamazeSi. iTvisebs mTel istorias, ganswmends da ganaaxlebs mas: `aha esera, yovelive iqmna axal~ (2 kor. 5. 17). vikvebebiT ra sulieri kraviT, Cven vxdebiT memkvidre axali cxovrebis. vugalobT ufals, rogorc axalma isaraelma ugaloba RmerTs WeSmaritad gamarjvebis himni, gavdivarT ra gzas udidesi paseqisas, mwuxris Jamidan RmrTis sasufevlamde.

saidumlos dadgineba*

Zveli aRTqmis yoveli winasaxeobrivi movlena Cven SeiZleba CavTvaloT momzadebad, adamianTa aRzrdad, raTa maT Tavi miuZRvnan yovelgvar gonebas aRmatebul saidumlos, samgvamovani RmerTis siyvaruls - ganagrZobs Txrobas sqemmonazoni grigoli.

macxovris amqveyniuri cxovrebis bolo dReebSi xdeba movlenebi, romlebic warmoadgens kacobriobisaTvis gaRebul udides msxverpls, romliTac gandidda ufali. qriste yovelives Tavs uyris Tavis TavSi da ahyavs mamasTan. aseTi saxiT mas mihyavs qmnileba adamiani RmerTTan, rac Seadgens WeSmarit paseqs. amis safuZvlad ufali gvaZlevs evqaristiis saidumlos, rogorc adamianis ganRmrTobis saSualebas. uflis samwliani msaxureba, romelic win uswrebda am istoriul movlenas, warmoadgens adamianebis momzadebis axal etaps, raTa miiRon da gulisxmahyon saidumlo, cxovelsmyofeli anaforis saswauli, romelic aResrula qmnilebis RvTaebrivi cxovrebisaTvis.

rodesac yovladwminda RvTismSobelma mimarTa qristes da uTxra mas: `RvinoÁ ara aqvs, _ qristem upasuxa: raÁ ars Cemda da Senda dedakaco? arRa mowevnul ars Jami Cemi~ (ioane 2. 34). ioane maxareblisaTvis Jami qristesi _ es aris dro misi jvarze sikvdilisa. (in. 17. 1). qorwilSi, kanas galileaSi, is gvaZlevs Cven niSans imisa, Tu rodis dadgeba misi gandidebis Jami. dasawyisSi moyvanili miniSneba gvauwyebs dasasruls - paseqis saRamos da jvars. am pirvel saswaulSi xdeba gardaqmna, wyali gardaiqmneba Rvinod. es gardaqmna dakavSirebulia fizikuri samyaros or elementTan _ wyalTan da RvinosTan. da Tu es ori elementi mogvagonebs qristes gverdidan gardamodenil sisxls da wyals, maSin gardaqmna, romelic aResruleba evqaristiuli kanonis dros,  mogvagonebs sxva gardaqmnas, romelsac ahyavs xiluli samyaro  zeciursa da uxilavSi.

ioane maxarebels axasiaTebs zogierTi sityvis gamoyeneba ormagi azriT. pirveli exeba materialur samyaros, xolo meore _ RmerTis samyaroSi yofnas. Rvino, romelic ufals miaqvs qorwilis monawileTaTvis kanaSi, aris saxe axali Rvinisa, romliTac wyurvils iklaven `wodebulni serobasa mas kravisasa~ (gamocx. 19. 9) da Rvino ese aris marTali sisxli misi. maxarebeli saswaulis aRweras daasrulebs uwyebiT, rom am saswaulebrivi miniSnebiT irwmunes qriste misma mowafeebma.

uflis meore saswauli, romelic aseve amzadebs Tormet mowafes saidumlo serobaze dasaswrebad _ saswauli xuTi puris ganmravlebisa (in. 6. 5-15), moxda qristes jvarcmamde erTi wliT adre, paseqis dResaswaulze. da Tu kanaSi aRsrulebul saswaulSi iyo Rvino, romelic gvauwyebs axali sasmelis Sesaxeb, momdevno saswaulSi iyo puri da Tevzi, _ simboloebi cxovrebis purisa, romelic adamians eZleva WeSmarit sulier sakvebad, aTavisuflebs mas xrwnilebisagan da gadahyavs ukvdavebaSi.

aucilebelia aRiniSnos, rom puri simboloa RmrTisa. amasTanave Tevzic qrsistianobis dasawyisSi iTvleboda ieso qristes simbolod. ioane maxarebeli ambobs, rom roca ieso gamoecxada  aRdgomis Semdeg mowafeebs tiberiis zRvasTan, moumzada maT sadilad puri da Tevzi (ioane. 21. 9-13). amas mowmoben simboloebi da pirvelqristianuli gamosaxulebebi katakombebSi, aseve adreqristianuli warwerebi.

am saswaulis arss warmoadgens ganmravleba. erTi wlis Semdeg ufalma moaxdina saswauli `daulevneli~ Sesawiravisa, purisa, romelic maradis iWamebis da arasodes ganilevis. aTasobiT morwmune eswreba am saidumlo trapezs, Seiqmnebian maziarebelni am purisa, moiklaven sulier SimSils da etyvian madlis momniWebels: `aRgvavse Sen dausrulebeli cxovrebiT, dagvatkbe Seni uSreti sixaruliT”. saidumlosTan mimarTebaSi (mT. 26. 27; mark. 14. 23; lk. 22. 19).

ufalma, sanam xuTi aTas kacs sakvebad pursa da Tevzs miscemda, madloba aRuvlina locviT mama RmerTs.  es moqmedeba adasturebs, rom puris ganmravlebis saswauli  warmoadgens am evqaristiuli madlierebis Sedegs. es aris winasaxe saRmrTo evqaristiisa. am saswaulis aRweris Semdeg saxarebaSi maleve moyvanilia uflis saubari cxovrebis purze da mis dapirebaze sakuTari sxeulis (anu misi wminda sisxlis da xorcis) xalxisaTvis zeciur sakvebad micemaze. (ioan. 6. 25_59). am saubarSi ufali,  iudevelTa gamowvevaze pasuxSi - `mamani Cvenni Wamdes mananas udabnos zeda, viTarca weril ars~ (ioan. 6, 31) - Tavis Tavs adarebs zecidan gadmosul purs cxovrebisas _ mananas, romelsac Wamdnen iudevelebi udabnoSi. manana udabnoSi eZleodaT uflis mier saCuqrad, ormoci wlis ganmavlobaSi. xuTi puri da ori Tevzi gamravlda da es ori saswauli imiT emsgavseba cxovrebis purs, rom maT mSierni iReben sakvebad Sromisa da oflis gareSe da cxovrebis puric eZlevaT, rogorc madli da wyaloba RmrTisa, sicocxliT mSier da mwyurval adamianebs.

ufali ambobs: `puri, romeli me mivsce, xorci Cemi ars, romelsa me mivscem cxovrebisaTvis soflisa~ (in. 3. 31). miuxedavad amisa macxovris es sityvebi gaugebari darCa iudevelTaTvis. eWvianobam da undoblobam iwyo Separva maT gulebSi: ,,viTar-me xelewifebis amas mocemad Cvenda xorci Tvisi Wamad?” ioane oqropiri ki sxva kiTxvas usvams urwmuno iudevelebs: `ukeTu viTarobasa eZiebT purTa maT zeda, rad ara hqmeniT ese da sTquT, Tu: `viTar xuTni igi esreT ganamravlna?~ garna amisTvis iqmna ese, rameTu ganZRomasa oden hxedevdiT maSin da ara saswaulsa mas. ukeTu kula amas ityviT, Tu: `maSin saqmeman gvaswava Cven da gulsavse viqmneniT~, aramed, vinaiTgan maSin saqmiT ixileT da gulsavse iqmneniT, jer-iyo, raiTamca misgan eseca dairwmuneT, raiTa misgan iswaoT da arRara urwmuno iyvneT missa.~[2]

kavSiri puris ganmravlebis saswaulsa da saRmrTo evqaristias Soris naTlad gviCvena TviT ufalma, romelic Tavis Tavs uwodebs cxovrebis purs.

maSasadame, mTeli Tavisi msaxurebiT da, gansakuTrebiT, evqaristiaze saubriT, ufali amzadebda Tavis mowafeebs am wminda drois dadgomisa da maTTvis saidumlos anderZad micemisaTvis. axlovdeboda Jami uflisa.

romelia es Jami? _ esaa axali paseqi. adamianis gadasvla sikvdilidan sicocxleSi da es sicocxle gveZleva wm. barZimidan. swored amitom, ufali evqaristiuli serobis saRamos aRasrulebs iudeuri paseqis dResaswaulze. `ratom aRasrula es saidumlo paseqis dros? _ kiTxulobs wm. ioane oqropiri da pasuxobs - Sen rom gcodnoda _ Tu vin aris kanonmdebeli da isic, rac paseqis dResaswaulSi gamoisaxeboda. raisaTvis Jamsa mas paseqisasa aRasrulebs amas saidumlosa? raÁTa yovliT kerZo vicnaT, viTarmed Zvelisaca Sjulisa Sjulismdebeli igi ars da viTarmed saqmeni igi mis Sjulisani saxeni iyvnes axlisa amis aRTqmisani da amas moaswavebdes. amisTvis Jamsa mas, romelsa saxe igi aResruleboda, maSin aRasrula WeSmaritebaÁca.~[3] _ aRniSnavs wm. mama. amitom aq winasaxe migviTiTebs WeSmaritebaze.

ufali gviwesebs axal saidumlos im dros, rodesac unda Sewydes Zveli, sjulismieri. Zveli aRTqmis mTavari dResaswauli mTavrdeba da is amzadebs maT (Tormet mociquls) sxva, axal, yvelaze saidumlo, trapezisaTvis~. ase mTavrdeba Zveli aRTqmis mTeli periodi, romelSic yovelive gamoxatavda momaval WeSmaritebas.

pirveli sami maxareblis Tanaxmad ziarebis saidumlo dawesda paseqis Jams, saidumlo serobis saRamos (mT. 26. 17; mk. 14. 12; lk. 22. 8). TumcaRa, ioane maxarebeli gvauwyebs (ioan. 18. 28; 19. 14-31), rom iudeuri paseqi iyo saidumlo serobis saRamos momdevno dRes. bevri iyo Tqmuli am `uTanxmoebis~ asaxsnelad. avtori miiCnevs yvelaze SesaZleblad, rom qristem icoda, rom mas moeloda jvarcma paraskevs, amitom dResaswaulobs erTi dRiT adre, rom gangvicxados axali, WeSmariti paseqi. wm. ioane oqropiri xSirad xazs usvams, rom ufali aRasrulebs saidumlos paseqis saRamos. `ekiTxebian mowafeni: sad gnebavs da mogimzadoT Sen Wamad paseqi ese? romeli paseqi? ara es Cveni, aramed Zveli, iudeuri, radgan is moamzades mowafeebma, xolo es Cveni man (ieso qristem) moamzada da ara marto TviTon moamzada, aramed TviTon iqmna paseqad... swored am trapezze qristem daasrula winasaxobrivi paseqi da SemogvTavaza paseqi WeSmariti~ _ wm. ioane oqropiris mixedviT mogviTxrobs sqemmonazoni grigoli.

mxsneli, rodesac dResaswaulobda paseqs `Tavis ojaxTan~ erTad, e. i. Tormet mociqulTan, romlebic im droisaTvis warmoadgendnen mTel eklesias, adgens axal paseqs, romelic maT unda Seasrulon SemdegSi. `viTarca Wamdes igini, moiRo iesu puri da hmadlobda da gantexa da misca mowafeTa TvisTa da hrqva maT: miiReT da WameT, ese ars xorci Cemi, da moiRo sasmeli da hmadlobda da misca maT da hrqua: suT amisgan yovelTa: ese ars sisxli Cemi axlisa aRTqmisa, mravalTaTvis daTxeuli misatevebelad codvaTa. xolo getyvi Tqven, viTarmed: arRara vsva me amieriTgan nayofTagan amis venaxisa, vidre mun dRedmde, raJams igi vsva Tqven Tana axali sasufevelisa mamisa Cemisasa~ (mT. 26. 26-29; Sed. mk. 14. 22-25; lk. 22. 17-20; 1 kor. 11. 23- 25).

Tanaxmad wminda maxareblisa, saidumlos dadgenis dros gamoiyofa oTxi ZiriTadi aspeqti: puris aReba da misi kurTxeva, puris gantexa da mowafeTaTvis darigeba, aReba, kurTxeva da barZimidan ziareba, saidumlos dadgenis miznis uwyeba.

saidumlo serobis saRamos, ieso Tavdapirvelad iRebs purs da aRavlens saidumlo locvas Tavisi zeciuri mamisadmi. romelic miiRebs Tavisi mxolodSobili Zis am msxverpls. qristes mier ganxorcielebuli es aqti gamoxatavs codviT dacemuli adamianis aRdgenas da samoTxeSi dadginebas, raTa RmrTis qmnilebam miiRos mSvidoba, rogorc wyaloba da madli RmrTisa da miarTvas is mas, qristes rogorc evqaristia, `rameTuU yoveli dabadebuli RmrTisaÁ keTil ars da araraÁ ars gansagdebel madlobiT miRebuli~ (1 tim. 4. 4). adamianis mier samadloblis Sewirva warmoadgens adamianis RmerTTan urTierTobas, radgan RmerTi am dros mas  aniWebs axal madls da axal wyalobas... Zvelma adamma RvTis gandidebas da yovelives misdami Sewirvas dacema amjobina. xolo axali adami movida samyaroSi, raTa uCvenos adamians gza mis mier daviwyebuli daniSnulebisa. movida, raTa Tavidan daabrunos WeSmaritebasTan da is aRasrulebs amas Tavisi sicocxlis fasad `rameTu saxe migec Tqven, raÁTa viTarca-ese me giyav Tqven, egreTve Tqvenc hyofdeT~ (ioan. 13. 15). amitom saidumlo serobis saRamos is madlobas swiravs RmerTs, `madls madlisa wil~ (ioan. 1. 16). es uflis samadlobeli locva imdenad arsebiTad iTvleboda pirvelqristianTaTvis, rom mTel saidumlos daearqva es saxeli _ samadlobeli. wm. ganmanaTlebeli ioane oqropiri Sesabamisad aRniSnavs, rom qriste hmadlobs ori mizeziT: uwinares yovlisa, raTa gvaswavlos Cven, Tu rogor unda SevasruloT evqaristiis saidumlo da aseve imisTvis,  raTa gviCvenos, rom wamebasa da jvarcmaze is midis Tavisi nebiT, sixaruliTa da madlierebiT.

amas mosdevs puris gantexa da uflis mier Tavisi Tormeti mowafisaTvis ganawileba: `miiReT da WameT... ese ars xorci Cemi TqvenTvis mocemuli...~ (mT. 26. 26-29). saxareba ar gvauwyebs, Tu rogor miiRes mowafeebma uflis sityvebi. ioane oqropiri bunebrivad miiCnevs imas, rom isini ar SeaZrwuna am gamonaTqvamma, radgan bevri da didebuli iyo manamde maTTvis naTqvami. `…...xolo viTar ara SeSfoTnes, esmnes raÁ ese sityvani? amisTvis rameTu mravali eTqva amisa pirveli amis jerisaTvis, viTarca weril ars iovanes Tavsa, viTarmed: `ukeTu ara sWamoT xorci Zisa kacisaÁ da hsuaT sisxli misi, ara gaqus cxorebai Tavisa TqvenisaÁ, xolo romeli Wamdes xorcsa Cemsa da smides sisxlsa Cemsa, aqundes cxorebaÁ saukunoÁ. rameTu xorci Cemi WeSmariti saWmeli ars da sisxli Cemi  WeSmariti sasumeli ars. da romeli Wamdes xorcsa Cemsa da sumides sisxlsa Cemsa, igi Cem Tana dadgromil ars da me mis Tana” (ioan. 6. 53-56) da sxvaÁ eseviTari mravali eTqva. amisTvis aw arRara mravalsa etyvis amis jerisaTvis~[4]

 aseTive azri aqvs wminda mamas imis Sesaxeb, rom macxovari pirveli TviTon eziara Tavis sisxlsa da xorcs. `raTa ar eTqvaT mis msmenelebs, ratom vWamT Cven xorcs da vsvamT Cven sisxls?! radgan, rodesac ambobda am sityvebs `me var puri cxovrebisa~, mravalni dabrkoldnen. `sacnaur ars ukue, viTarmed sasmeli igi pirvelad Tavadman miiRo, - wers oqropiri - raÁTa ara SeSfoTnen igini da Tqvan, Tu: raÁ ars ese, Tu xorcsa vWamdeTa da sisxlsa vsmideTa? rameTu pirvelca hrqves, viTarmed: `ficxel ars sityvai ese”(ioan. 6,60). amisTvis pirvelad Tavadman miiRo, raiTa gulsmodgined miiRon ziarebai saidumloTai da dascxres Zveli igi wesi.~[5]

saRmrTo evqaristia warmoadgens saidumlo serobis saRamos da rogorc yovel sadilsa da vaxSamze Wamen da svamen, aseve iqcevian evqaristiul trapezze damswrenic, isini sakuTar TavSi iReben RmrTaebriv sicocxles, romelsac qriste Tavad uZRvnis maT. am saidumlo saRamos ojaxis Tavi,  qriste  gantexs purs _ anu sakuTar sxeuls da gvaZlevs mas Cven, raTa Cven vicxovroT masSi.

evqaristia warmoadgens zeims da dResaswauls. es aris WeSmariti paseqi _ zeimTa zeimi da dResaswaulTa dResaswauli, radgan misiT xdeba Cveni gadasvla sikvdilidan maradiul sicocxleSi.

puris gantexis da mowafeTa ziarebis Semdeg ufalma, aiRo ra barZimi, madloba Seswira, misca mowafeebs da uTxra: `ese sasmeli _ axali sjuli sisxlisa CemisaÁ TqvenTvis daTxeuli~ (luk. 22, 20).

rogori iyo Zveli aRTqma, romelsac ufali adarebs axals? es iyo dapireba RmrTisa iudeveli xalxisadmi, rom is gaaTavisuflebda maT monobisagan da miiyvanda aRTqmul qveyanaSi (gamosvl. 3. 7-10). `da aw ukeTu smeniT isminoT xmisa Cemisa da daicvaT aRTqma Cemi, iyvneT Cemda er sazepuro yovelTagan naTesavTa, rameTu Cemi ars yoveli qveyana. xolo Tqven iyvneT Cemda sameufo mRdeloba, naTesav wminda~ (gamosvl. 15. 5-6). sinas mTaze iRebs aRTqmas rCeuli eri moses meSveobiT (gamosvl. 20. 1-17). es aRTqma orgzis aris damowmebuli: erTi mxriv _ Sewiruli cxovelebis sisxlis pkurebiT (gamosv. 24. 3-8), meore mxriv _ trapeziT, romelsac TviT ufali umzadebda moses, aarons da samocdaaT uxucesTagans. da maT ixiles adgili RmrTisa da Wames da sves (gamosvl. 24. 9-11)

es iyo Zveli aRTqma _ winasaxe axali aRTqmisa, mauwyebeli WeSmaritebisa, romlis Sesaxebac Cven gvesaubrebian winaswarmetyvelebi (ier. 39, 40; ieb. 36, 26). axal aRTqmas, romelic axali cxovrebis wesSi mdgomareobs, ufali dagvidgens saidumlo serobis saRamos da rogorc Zvelis damtkiceba iyo RmrTis gancxadeba trapezis dros, aseve axlis dadgineba Sedgeba RmrTis gamocxadebasa da saidumlosTan ziarebaSi saidumlo serobis saRamos. Zvelma aRTqmam daamtkica batknebis da Txebis sisxli, sisxli ganmwmendi xorcTa maT ganwmendisaTa (ebr. 9. 13), im dros, rodesac axal aRTqmaSi RmerTkacis sisxlma mogviyidna Cven RmrTisa sisxliTa TvisiTa (gamocx. 5. 9).

iesos sisxliT gvaqvs Cven kadniereba Sesvlad siwmindeTa maT (ebr. 10. 19). axali aRTqmis sisxlma gvSva Cven maradiuli cxovrebisaTvis, ,,maxlobel gyyo RmrTisa”(ef. 2. 13).

ziarebis Semdgom ufalma misca mcneba Tormet mowafes: `amas hyofdeT mosaxsenebelad Cemda~ (lk. 22. 19; 1 kor. 11. 29). ra aris qristes am sityvebis mniSvneloba? wminda ioane oqripiris Tanaxmad, ufals surs, migviyvanos axal realobaSi, axal qmnilebaSi, romelic man Seqmna Tavis gamomxsneli qmedebiT. amitom, Tu is inarCunebs iudeuri msaxurebis zogierT formas, aZlevs maT axal da ufro siRrmiseul mniSvnelobas. `es aris sisxli Cemi, daTxeuli misatevebelad codvaTa~(mT. 26, 28) - aq macxovari gveubneba, rom es saidumlo aris tanjva-wameba da jvari , da rogorc mose ambobs Zveli aRTqmis paseqze: `es maradis iyos Tqvenda mosaxseneblad~ (gamosvl. 3. 15), aseve qriste -  `mosaxsenebelad Cemda, vidre meored mosvlamde~ (lk. 22, 19)

eklesiam miiRo mcneba qristesgan, aRasrulebdes saRmrTo evqaristias mis mosaxseneblad, vidre is mova didebiTa TvisiTa. da Cven vzeimobT evqaristiis saidumlos vixsenebT qristes sicocxles, yovladwminda RvTismSobels da Cven RmerTSemosil wminda mamebs. vwiravT madlobas RmerTs da am Sesawiravze gardamodis nugeSinismcemeli, rom Segvaxsenos Cven yovelive qristes mier Tqmuli (ioan. 14. 26). misi gardamosvlis saSualebiT es moxsenieba ganiwmindeba, ikurTxeba da gardaiqmneba cxovel RmerTTan urTierTobad da masTan Tanamyofobad. mjdomare marjveniT mamisa imyofeba Cvens winaSe, miuwvdomeli xdeba misawvdomi, uxilavi _ xiluli, aramaterialuri ganiyofa da eZleva samyaros gadarCenisa da saukuno cxovrebisaTvis.

 Sekrebis saidumlo*

I

`Sekrebasa mas Tqvensa eklesiad~

(1 kor. 11. 18)

`Sekrebasa mas Tqvensa eklesiad~ _ wers pavle mociquli korinTelebs da misTvis, rogorc Zvel droSi yvela qristianisaTvis, es sityvebi ganekuTvnebian ara taZars, aramed bunebas, azrs da mizans Sekrebisas. Tavad sityva `eklesia~ _ eVkklhsiVa _ rogorc cnobilia, niSnavs `Sekrebas~. `Sekrebasa eklesiad~ Zvel droSi mcxovrebi qristianebis gagebiT, niSnavs iseTi krebulis Sedgenas, romlis mizania gamoavlinos _ ganaxorcielos eklesia.

wm. ioane oqropiri eklesiis Sesaxeb Semdegs brZanebs: `...rameTu wmidad uwods krebulsa eklesiisasa, romelTa aRmavsebelad da samsaxurebelad iqmnebis yovelive~ (efes. 4. 12 muxlebis ganmarteba)[6].

`...rameTu eklesiaÁ ars savsebaÁ morwmuneTa krebulisaÁ, xolo qriste Tav gvamisa mis eklesiisa~ (kol. 1. 24 muxlis ganmarteba)[7].

es evqaristiuli Sekrebaa. masze, rogorc mis aRsrulebaze da dasasrulze, aResruleba `saRmrTo serobis saRamos~ evqaristiuli puris gantexa. amave epistoleSi pavle mociquli sayvedurobs korinTelebs, `Sekrebasa mas ukue Tquensa erTad ara ars eklesiaÁ puris saWmel~ ( 1kor.11. 20). Tavdapirvelad aseTi saxiT, rac cxadia da udavoa, gamoixateboda sameulis erToba _ Sekreba, evqaristia da eklesia, razec, pavle mociqulis kvaldakval, erTxmad mowmoben Zveli saeklesio Tqmulebani, romlis arsisa da dedaazris axsna liturgikuli RmrTismetyvelebis ZiriTadi amocanaa.

es amocana miT ufro arsebiTia, radganac is, rac naTeli iyo Zveli eklesiisaTvis, _ samebis erToba, gaugebari gaxda Tanamedrove saeklesio cnobierebisaTvis. RmrTismetyveleba, romelsac, rogorc miRebulia, `saskolo~ ewodeba da romelic eklesiis mamaTa tradiciis wyvetis Sedegad warmoiSva, upiratesad dasavluri gagebisagan. TviT aseTi saxis RmrTismetyvelebis bunebidan gamomdinare, romelSic saerTod ar moixseneba Sekrebas, evqaristiasa da eklesias Soris urTierTkavSiri, evqaristia ganixileba da ganisazRvreba rogorc erTi saidumloTagani, magram ara rogorc `Sekrebis saidumlo~, rogorc mas mexuTe saukunis `areopagetikis~ avtori warmoadgens. gadaWarbebis gareSe SeiZleba iTqvas, rom am `sqolastikur~ dogmatikaSi eklesiologiuri azri evqaristiisa saerTod ignorirebulia, iseve, rogorc daviwyebulia masSi evqaristiuli ganzomileba eklesiologiisa anu swavleba eklesiis Sesaxeb. evqaristiisa da RvTismetyvelebas Soris ganxeTqilebaze da eklesiuri cnobierebisaTvis am ganxeTqilebis tragikul Sedegebze Cven qvemoT kidev visaubrebT dawvrilebiT. axla ki unda aRvniSnoT, rom codna evqaristiisa, rogorc `Sekrebis saidumlos~ arsis codna RmrTismosavi adamianebis cnobierebidan TandaTan ganqarda. marTalia, liturgiis saxelmZRvaneloebi evqaristias `sazogado RmrTismsaxurebas~ miakuTvneben da maTi mixedviT, liturgia upiratesad `Tavmoyril mlocvelebTan~ erTad aResruleba, magram es `mlocvelebis erTad Tavmoyra~, e. i. Sekreba aRar aRiqmeba, rogorc pirvandeli forma evqaristiisa, xolo TviT evqaristiaSi Sewyvites is Tavdapirveli formis danaxva da SegrZneba. dRes liturgiuli RmrTismsaxureba gaxda gansazRvrulad individualuri, razec yvelaze naTlad miuTiTebs ziarebis Tanamedrove praqtika, romelic sruliad damorCilebulia calkeul morwmuneTa `sulier moTxovnebs~ da romelsac aravin,  arc sasulieroni da arc saeroni, ar aRiqvamen TviT evqaristiuli locvis suliT.

aseTi saxiT `eklesiurTa~ religiur TvalTaxedvaSi TandaTanobiT aResrula evqaristiis Taviseburi reduqcia, eklesiis cxovrebaSi moxda misi pirvandeli azrisa da adgilis Seviwroveba. am reduqciis daZleviTa, da evqaristiis Tavdapirveli mniSvnelobis dabrunebiT, rac warmoadgens `saidumlo Sekrebas~ unda daiwyos  evqaristiis ganmarteba liturgikul RmrTismetyvelebaSi.

aq, uwinares yovlisa, unda aRiniSnos, rom evqaristiis orive reduqcia, rogorc religiisadmi keTilkrZalulebaSi, aseve  RmrTismet-yvelebaSi ewinaaRmdegeba TviT evqaristiis wes-wyobas; iseTs rogoradac icnobs  mas eklesia Tavdapirveli droidan. wes-wyobis qveS Cven moviaz-rebT ara wes-Cveulebebis da saidumloTa ama Tu im mxareebs, romlebic, rogorc Cans, viTardebodnen, icvlebodnen da rTuldebodnen, aramed evqaristiis ZiriTad struqturas. rogorc avtori ukve aRniSnavda, saskolo RmrTismetyvelebis ZiriTadi nakli imaSi mdgomareobs, rom saidumloTa TavianT ganmartebebSi isini gamodian ara cocxali eklesiis gamocdilebidan, ara konkretuli liturgikuli gardamocemidan, rogorc is eklesiam Semoinaxa, aramed sakuTari aprioruli da ganyenebuli kriteriumebidan da gansazRvrebebidan, romelebic realur saeklesio cxovrebasTan yovelTvis ar modis TanxmobaSi. Zvelad eklesiam mtkiced icoda, rom `rwmenis kanoni~ (lex credenti) da `locvis kanoni~ (lex orandi) erTi meorisagan ganuyofelia da urTierTSewyobilad erTmaneTs asabuTebs, ase rom, wmida irineos leonelis sityvebiT, `Cveni swavleba TanxmobaSia evqaristiasTan, xolo evqaristia amtkicebs swavlebas (`adversus haereses~)’’. magram RvTismetyveleba, romelic mowyobilia dasavluri wesis saxiT, saerTod ar ainteresebs RmrTismsaxureba, is Tu rogor aResruleba igi eklesiis mier, misi kuTvnili logikiT da wesiT. gamodis ra Tavisi ganyenebuli wanamZRvrebidan, `es RvTismetyveleba~ apriori gadawyvets, adgens imas  Tu ra aris `ZiriTadi~ da ra _ `meorexarisxovani~, amasTan, `meorexarisxovnad~ sabolood aRmoCndeba maTTvis, romelTac warmodgena ara aqvT saRvTismetyvelo interesebze swored  RmrTismsaxureba, mTeli Tavisi sirTuliTa da mravalsaxeobiT. e. i. swored is, riTic sinamdvileSi cocxlobs eklesia. RmrTismsaxurebidan xelovnurad gamoiyofa `mniSvnelovani~ momentebi, romlebzec mipyrobilia mTeli RvTismetyvelebis yuradReba. amgvarad, evqaristiaSi am `moments~ warmoadgens wmida ZRvenis gantexa da Semdeg ziareba, naTlobaSi es `samgzis STafvlaa~, qorwinebaSi  es `saidumlo formulaa~ `maradiuli didebiTa da pativiTa...~ da a. S.

II

 evqaristiuli wesis safuZvlianma Seswavlam ar SeiZleba ar dagvarwmunos imaSi, rom mTeli es wesi Tavidan bolomde agebulia Tanafardobis principze, e.i. eklesiis msaxurebsa da mrevls Soris urTierTdamokidebulebaze. ufro zustad, es kavSiri SeiZleba ganvsazRvroT rogorc Tanamsaxureba. marTalia saskolo RmrTismetyvelebaSi da misgan warmoSobil liturgiul msaxurebaSi es idea aranair adgils ar ikavebs da, faqtiurad uaryofilia. sityva `Tanamsaxureba~ gamoiyeneba mxolod sasuliero pirebTan mimarTebaSi, rac Seexeba eriskacTa rols, maTi monawileoba RmrTismsaxurebaSi pasiurad fasdeba..

swavlul da keTilisganmzrax mweralTa liturgikul saxelmZRvaneloebSi (rogoricaa mag. `evqaristia~ aw gardacvlili arqimandrit kiprian kernisa) liturgiis SesrulebisaTvis aucilebeli pirobebis CamonaTvalSi moixseneba yvelaferi, _ kanonikuri xelTdasxmidan dawyebuli da Rvinis xarisxiT damTavrebuli, yvelaferi, garda `eklesiad Sekrebisa~, romelsac, rogorc Cans, ar miiCnevdnen liturgiis aRsrulebis erT-erT `pirobad~.

Tumca yvela Zveli sasuliero Zegli adasturebs, rom Sekreba (sunaxiz) yovelTvis iTvleboda evqaristiis pirvel da ZiriTad aqtad. amaze miuTiTebs evqaristiis Semsruleblis uZvelesi liturgikuli dasaxeleba: winamZRvari, pristamenoz, romlis pirveli funqciaa Sekrebis winamZRvroba, rom iyos `winamZRvari Zmobisa~. aseTi saxis kreba aris evqaristiis pirveli liturgikuli aqti, misi dasawyisi da safuZveli. amitom, Tanamedrove praqtikisagan gansxvavebiT, Zvelad kreba win uswrebda winamZRvris Sesvlas. `eklesia _ wers wm. ioane oqropiri _ aris yvela CvenTaganis saerTo saxli da Tqven win gviswrebT Cven, rodesac Cven SevdivarT... amitom amis Semdeg maleve gesalmebiT mSvidobis miZRvniT~. aucileblad unda iTqvas Cveni axlandeli praqtikis Sesaxeb, romlis Tanaxmadac liturgiis dasawyisi _ RmrTismsaxurTa Sesvla, maTi Semosva samRvdelo samosSi, xelTbana, da bolos, wmida ZRvenis momzadeba, ara mxolod iqca samRvdeloebis mier aRsasrulebel `sufTa saqmed~, aramed gamoeyo kidec gansakuTrebul  kanons wmida liturgiisa Tavisi calke gamoyofili gantevebiT. es praqtika, TumcaRa formaluria da dakanonebulia tipikoniT, unda ganvixiloT ufro Zveli, magram Cvenamde moRweuli samRvdelmTavro evqaristiuli msaxurebis praqtikis Suqze. rodesac liturgias aRasrulebs episkoposi, saxeze gvaqvs misi Sexvedra Sekrebil xalxTan, misi Semosvla krebulis SuagulSi da misi Sesvla sakurTxevelSi mxolod mcire Sesvlis Semdeg da bolos, TiTqos ganmeorebiT Sesruleba mis mier proskomidiisa TviT msxverplSewirvis win, e. i. axlandeli Cveni `didi Sesvla~. arasworia imis fiqri, rom es yovelive warmoiSva mxolod gansakuTrebuli `sazeimo~ ieris gamo, rac damaxasiaTebelia samRvdelmTavro msaxurebisaTvis, romlis winaaRmdegac gaismis xolme `pirvelqristianuli ubraloebis~ qomagTa xmebi. swored piriqiT _ samRvdelmTavro msaxurebam ufro metad Semogvinaxa, ra Tqma unda ara detalurad, aramed arsi da ZiriTadi forma adrindeli evqaristiuli praqtikisa da Semogvinaxa imitom, rom Zvel eklesiaSi swored episkoposi iyo winamZRvari evqaristiuli krebulisa.

da mxolod mogvianebiT, roca daiwyo adgilobrivi saeklesio  Temebis administraciul erTeulebad (eparqiebad) gardaqmna da maTi samrevloebad~ daSla, maSin eqstraordinaluri evqaristiis funqciis Semsrulebli ierarqi rogorc episkoposis TanaSemwe, gadaiqca `ordinaruli~ funqciis mqone msaxurad. liturgiuli RmrTismetyvelebis TvalTaxedviT, krebulSi Sesvlis samRvdelmTavro wesi SeiZleba CavTvaloT ufro `normatiul~ aqtad, rogorc WeSmaritad pirveli da ZiriTadi evqaristiuli aqtis dasawyisi. samRvdelo ki, romelic `garemoebebis~ gamo warmoiSva, veranairad ver cvlis `eklesiad Sekrebis~ mniSvnelobas.

III

Tanafardoba RmrTismsaxurebisas winamZRvarsa da mrevls Soris, maTi Tanamsaxureba aseve gamoixateba yoveli evqaristiuli locvis dialogis struqturaSi. yovel maTgans krebuli `amtkicebs~ sityviT: `amin~, erT-erTi sakvanZo sityva qristianuli RmrTismsaxurebisa, SemaerTebeli erT organul mTlianobad mwirvelisa da masze mindobili saRmrTo erisa. yoveli maTgani (erTis gamoklebiT, `locva mRvdelmsaxurisa sakuTari TavisaTvis~, romelic ikiTxeba ,,qerubimTas” galobis dros) gamoiTqmeba mrevlis saxeliT. evqaristiuli mRvdelmoqmedebis Semadgeneli nawilebi, rogorebicaa _ RmrTis sityvis kiTxva da ziareba _ iwyeba urTierT mSvidobis miZRvniT: _`mSvidoba yovelTa~ _ `da sulisaca Senisa Tana~. da bolos, yoveli locva moicavs Cvens qebas, CvenTvis madlis moniWebas, Cvens ziarebas da miznad isaxavs, rom ` Cven yvelani SegvaerTos ziarebis suliT...~

igive SeiZleba iTqvas evqaristiis wes-Cveulebebze. isini ama Tu im formiT gamoxataven ara mxolod winamZRvris da eris `erTobas~, aramed maT `sinergiasac~ _ TanamSromlobas, Tanamsaxurebas am sityvis pirdapiri, bukvaluri gagebiT. evqaristiuli RmrTismsaxurebis pirvel nawils Seadgens RmrTis sityvis kiTxva da mRvdelmsaxuris mier, qadagebisas, misi ganmarteba. amaze mowmoben uZvelesi liturgikuli saeklesio Zeglebi. amgvari kiTxva da qadageba TavisTavad gulisxmobs msmenels, romlisTvisac es ganmartebaa gankuTvnili. proskomidiis sakurTxevelSi gadatanam da iq gansakuTrebuli `samsxverplos~ warmoqmna, xalxis mier Sekrebaze ZRvenis mitanis Tavdapirveli praqtika ar gaanadgura,  rac aResruleba dRevandeli `didi Sesvlis~ dros. da bolos, `mSvidobis amborisyofa,~ marTalia, dRes aResruleba mxolod sasuliero pirebis mier, magram asamaRlebeli `iyvareboeT urTiaerTars...~ Tavisi SinaarsiT ganekuTvneba mTel Sekrebas, iseve, rogorc damamTavrebeli asamaRlebeli _ `mSvidobiT warvideT, raTa erTobiT aRviarebdeT~.

IV

Tanamsaxurebisas Sekrebis imave ideas gamoxatavs da ganaxorcielebs aseve is adgili da Senoba, romelSic aResruleba evqaristia,  e. i. taZari. liturgikis saxelmZRvaneloebi  dawvrilebiT saubroben taZris Sesaxeb, mis mowyobaze, mis ama Tu im `simbolur~ mniSvnelobaze, magram am aRwerilobebsa da gansazRvrebebSi TiTqmis ar moixseneba TvalnaTeli kavSiri qristianul taZarsa  da Sekrebis ideasTan, evqaristiis krebiT TvisebasTan.  gavixsenoT, rom Tavdapirveli taZari, es upirveles yovlisa, aris, domus ecclesiae, adgili eklesiad Sekrebisa da evqaristiuli puris gantexisa. am ideas damorCilebuli krebuli erTdroulad warmoadgens qristianuli taZris siaxlesa da misi ganviTarebis princips. rogorc dasawyisSi, pirvelqristianul epoqaSi, aseve dResac taZari SeigrZnoba, rogorc krebuli, rogorc erTiani Sekreba qristes mier zecisa da qveyanisa da yoveli qmnilebisa, raSic mdgomareobs eklesiis arsi da daniSnuleba. amaze mowmobs rogorc taZris forma, aseve xatwerac. taZris forma, e. i. taZari, rogorc sivrcis `organizacia~, Tavisi arsiT gamoxatavs imave Tanafardobas, imave `dialogis struqturas~, romelic, rogorc Cven ukve vnaxeT, gansazRvravs evqaristiuli Sekrebis wes-wyobas. aq aris Tanafardoba, erTi mxriv _ trapezisa da sakurTxevlisa, da, meore mxriv -  eklesiis `gemisa~, anu Sekrebis adgilisa. `gemi~ mimarTulia trapezisaken, masSi aqvs mas Tavis mizani da srulyofileba. Tavis mxriv, trapezic dakavSirebulia `gemTan~, myofobs masTan urTierTobaSi. marTalia, axlandel liturgiul msaxurebaSi sakurTxeveli aRiqmeba rogorc erTgvari TviTkmari taZari, misawvdomi mxolod xelTdasxmulTaTvis, rogorc uaRresad wmida adgili, TiTqos Tavisi sakramentalurobiT xazs usvams mis gareT darCenili mrevlis profanacias. Tumca ar aris Zneli imis Cveneba, rom aseTi aRqma SedarebiT ufro axalia, mcdaria da, rac mTavaria, Rrmad mavnebelia eklesiisaTvis. is aris erT-erTi mTavari mkvebavi wyaroTagani marTlmadideblobisaTvis ucxo, usazRvro `klerikalizmisa~, romelic CamoaqveiTebs saeroebs raRac uufleboTa mdgomareobamde, rogorc uaryofiTad ganwesebulebs, romlebsac `ara aqvT ufleba~ sadRac Sevidnen, raRacas Seexon, raRacaSi monawileoba miiRon. samwuxarod CvenTan Seiqmna iseTi saxe mRvdlisa, romelic sistematiurad imyofeba wmida adgilis `dacvaSi~ saeroTa Sexebisgan, TiTqos amaSi xedaven mRvdlobisa arss da pouloben Tavisebur, TiTqmis avxorcul siamovnebas.

profesor Smemanis azriT, sakurTxevlis aseTi aRqma  axalia da mcdari. es ra Tqma unda bevradaa damokidebuli kankelis misTvis Sesabamis gagebaze, rogorc kedlis, romelic gamoyofs wmida adgils (sakurTxevels) eriskacTagan da maT Soris gauval zRudes warmoadgens. TumcaRa, rac ar unda sakvirvelad moeCvenos dRes marTlmadidebelTa umravlesobas, kankeli warmoiSva sawinaaRmdego mizezebiT: ara rogorc gamyofi, aramed rogorc SemaerTebeli. rameTu xati aris mowmoba, an ukeT rom vTqvaT, Sedegi momxdari SeerTebis, RmrTaebrivis da kacobrivis, zecieris da miwieris. is arsobrivad yovelTvis aris xati RmrTis ganxorcielebis. amitom kankelic Tavidan warmoiSva imisaTvis, rom taZari yofiliyo moazrebuli da aRqmuli, rogorc `zeca dedamiwaze~, rogorc mowmoba imis, rom `mogviaxlovda Cven samefo RmrTisa~. rogorc taZris mTeli moxatuloba, aseve kankeli aris xorcSesxmuli xedva eklesiis, rogorc wmida krebulis, xiluli da uxilavi samyaros erTianobis, gamovlineba da Tanamyofoba axali feriscvalebuli qmnilebis.

tragedia imaSi mdgomareobs, rom moxda marTlmadidebluri xatweris WeSmariti tradiciis xangrZlivi wyveta, eklesiuri cnobierebidan TiTqmis sruliad ganqarda aRniSnuli `Tanafardoba~ xatisa da taZrisa. Cveni taZrebi axla ar moixateba freskebiT, aramed mxolod ifareba bevri xatiT, romelTac erT mTlianTan, e. i. taZarTan ara aqvT araviTari damokidebuleba, warmoadgenen mxolod dekoracias yovelgvari `mamlayinwebiT~ da maTSi isev da isev detalebi dominireben mTlianze, romelSic xati xdeba detali romeliRac dekoratiuli ansamblisa. meore mxriv, iseTive tragedia iyo TandaTanobiTi gardaqmna Tavidan formis, Semdeg ki kankelis mniSvnelobisa. Tavisi formidan gamomdinare, xatebi, bunebrivia saWiroebdnen sadgars (e. i. B. stasis’ax). sadgari droTa ganmavlobaSi gadaiqca kedlad, romelic xatebiTaa Semkuli, e. i. man miiRo Tavisi pirvandelis sawinaaRmdego daniSnuleba. Tu Tavidan xatebi saWiroebdnen kedlis msgavs sadgars, axla kedeli saWiroebs xatebs da aseTi saxiT, piriqiT, TiTqos TviTon imorCilebs maT. SeiZleba imedi viqonioT, rom kanonikuri xatebisadmi aRZruli sayovelTao interesi migviyvans taZarSi xatebis WeSmariti mniSvnelobis aRorZinebasTan, dagvabrunebs imasTan, rasac zogjer ganvicdiT zogierT uZveles taZarSi: iq xatebi TiTqos monawileoben eklesiis SekrebaSi, gamoxataven mis azrs, aniWeben mas saukuno moZraobis ritms (RmerTis wyalobiT da saqarTvelos_kaTolikos patriarqis, ilia II-is ZalisxmeviT saqarTvelos eklesiaSi didi xania daiwyo dabruneba Zvel WeSmarit saeklesio tradiciebTan da, imedia, aseve gagrZeldeba momavalSi). mTel am liturgikul wesTan erTad winaswarmetyvelni, mociqulni, mowameni da ganmanaTlebelni, mTeli eklesia, mTeli krebuli TiTqos zecaSi adis, iq, sadac mas aRamaRlebs da aRiyvans qriste _ mis samefoSi, mis trapezTan...

aq saWiroa aRiniSnos, rom sakurTxevlis da kankelis, rogorc gamyofis, es axali gancda mcdaria, radgan is cxadad ewinaaRmdegeba TviT eklesiis liturgikul gadmocemas. es gadmocema icnobs mxolod trapezisa da taZris kurTxevas. magram ara `gemisagan~ gancalkevebiT sakurTxevlis kurTxevas. mTel taZars da aseve trapezs scxeben mirons, mTeli taZari `ibeWdeba~ am saxiT, rogorc siwminde da wmida adgili. aseve yuradRebas imsaxurebs am, marTlacda, rTul `bizantiur~ wesSi taZris kurTxevisas im wmida nawilebis Setanis momenti, romlebic unda Caayolon trapezSi. am dros mRvdelmTavari asamaRlebels ambobs ara aRsavlis daxurul karTan, aramed taZris daxurul karebTan: `aRixveniT bWeni saukuneni da Sevides meufe didebisaÁ, vin ars ese meufe didebisaÁ? ufali ZalTaÁ Tavadi ars meufe didebisaÁ~.

am wes-Cveulebis ganmartebisas, simon saluneli, RmrTismsaxurebis simboluri da misteriuli ganmartebis erT-erTi cnobili warmomadgeneli, wers Semdegs: `...mowameni warmodgenilia wmida nawilebis saxiT. mRvdelmTavari warmoadgens qristes, xolo taZari _ zecas... mRvdelmTavari kiTxulobs Sesvlis locvebs, mouwodebs Tanamsaxurebs da TanaSemaval angelozebs da aseTi saxiT moazrebul taZris kars SeaReben da Sedis samRvdeloeba taZarSi, viTarca zecaSi, Sedian ieso qristes mowameni RmrTis mier gaRebul zeciur karebSi~.

cxadia, es wesi Camoyalibda im epoqaSi, romelzec miuTiTebs mravali uZvelesi Zegli, roca sameufo kars uwodeben ara aRsavlis, aramed TviT taZris karebs da rodesac TviT taZari aRiqmeboda dedamiwaze daSvebul zecad.  es aris adgili, romelSic eklesiis evqaristiuli Sekrebisas `daxSul karibWeSi~ Sedis ufali da masTan erTad misi sameufo...  yovelive zemoT Tqmuli sakmarisia, raTa xazi gaesvas ara mxolod sawyis da ZiriTad kavSirs taZarsa da Sekrebas Soris, aramed TviT taZars, romelic aris TviT `eklesiad Sekreba~, ganxorciebuli arqiteqturul formebSi, saRebavebsa da xatebSi.

V

liturgia aris `saidumlo Sekrebisa~. qriste movida `raÁTa Svilni RmrTisani ganbneulni Sekribnes erTad~ (ioan. 11. 52)  evqaristia imTaviTve iyo gamovlineba da ganxorcieleba RmrTis axali eris erTobisa, romelnic qristes mier arian Sekrebilni ufalTan. mtkiced unda vicodeT da gvesmodes, rom taZarSi Cven mivdivarT ara individualuri locvisaTvis, aramed raTa Sevikribod eklesiad. TviT xiluli taZari aris mxolod saxe im xelTuqmneli taZrisa, romelsac is aRniSnavs. amitom `eklesiad Sekreba~ WeSmaritad aris pirveli liturgiuli qmedeba, safuZveli mTeli liturgiisa da amis gauazreblad gaugebari darCeba mTeli danarCeni saidumloc. ase rom, rodesac  vambob `mivdivar eklesiaSi~ _ es niSnavs, me mivdivar morwmuneTa Sekrebaze, raTa maTTan erTad Sevadgino eklesia, rom viyo is, vinc  gavxdi naTlobis dRes, e. i. wevri _ am sityvis sruli da absoluturi mniSvnelobiT, gavxde wevri qristes sxeulisa: `Tqven – ambobs mociquli _ xarT xorcni qristesni da asoni asoTa misTaganni~ (1 kor. 12. 27). me mivdivar, raTa ganvaxorcielo da gamovavlino Cemi wevroba, gamovavlino da davamowmo RmrTisa da qveynis winaSe `ZalaSi Sesuli~ saidumlo RmrTis meufebisa.

ufali movida da Tavis Zalas avlens eklesiaSi. `sadac ori an sami Seikribeba Cemi saxeliT, mec maT Soris var~ - esaa saidumlo eklesiisa, saidumlo qristes sxeulisa. eklesiad Sekrebis saswauli imaSia, rom is ara `xurjinia~ codvili da araRirsi adamianebisa, romlebic mas Seadgenen, aramed sxeulia qristesi. ra xSirad vambobT Cven, rom mivdivarT eklesiaSi, raTa misgan miviRoT daxmareba, madlmosili Zala nugeSisa, magram gvaviwydeba, rom Cven TviTon varT eklesia, rom Cven SevadgenT mas, qriste myofobs Tavis wevrebSi - CvenSi.  eklesia araa Cvens gareT, arc Cvens zemodan, aramed Cven varT qristesTan da qristea CvenSi. qristianoba ara mxolod aZlevs yvelas piradi srulyofilebis saSualebas, aramed qristianebs miecaT da eanderZaT, rom Tavad iyvnen eklesia _ `naTesavi rCeuli, sameufoÁ, samRvdeloÁ, Tesli wmidaÁ, eri mogebuli~ (1 petr. 2. 9), raTa gamoavlinon da aRiaron qristes axlos yofna da misi samyaroSi meufeba.

amis garda eklesiis siwmide Cveni siwmide ki araa, aramed qristesi, romelmac Seiyvara eklesia da Tavi dado misTvis, `qmarTa giyvarded colni Tvisni, viTarca qristem Seiyvara eklesia da Tavi misca misTvis, raÁTa wmida hyos igi...raÁTa iyos wmidaÁ da ubiwo~ (efes. 5. 25-27) aseve wmindanTa siwmide aris mxolod ganxorcieleba da gamomJRavneba im ganaTlebisa da siwmidisa, romelsac yoveli Cvengani iRebs naTlobis dRes da  Cven yovelni mowodebulni varT masSi avRorZindeT, magram Cven ver SevZlebT amas, Tu ar viqoniebT mas, rogorc RmrTis wyalobas, CvenTan suli wmidis madliT moniWebuls .

ai, ratom ewodebodaT Zvelad qristianebs wmindanebi da  ratom aris `eklesiad Sekreba~ Cveni msaxurebis mTavari vali. Cven Sewirulni varT masSi da is gvekuTvnis Cven, vidre Cven TviTon ar ganviyenebT Tavs misgan. Zvelad, vinc sapatio mizezis gareSe ar iRebda monawileobas evqaristiul SekrebaSi, ganikveTeboda eklesiidan rogorc liturgiaSi gamovlenili qristes sxeulis erTobisagan sakuTari Tavis momkveTi.avtori xazs usvavs, rom, evqaristia ar aris `erT-erTi saidumlo~, _ erT-erTi RmrTismsaxurebaTa Soris, aramed is aris eklesiis gamovlineba da aRsruleba  mTeli misi ZalmosilebiT da siwmidis sisavsiT. mxolod masSi monawileobiT SegviZlia gavizardoT sulierad da aRvasruloT yovelive is, rac gvaqvs naanderZevi da mcnebad mocemuli... eklesiis evqaristiuli Sekreba, Tundac is ganisazRvrebodes `oriT an samiT~ _ aris saxe da ganxorcieleba qristes sxeulisa da erTad Sekrebilni mxolod imitom SeZleben ziarebas, e. i. iyvnen erTobaSi qristes sisxlTan da xorcTan, rom isini aRiareben mas TavianTi SekrebiT. veravin verasdros  SeZlebda SeerTeboda ufals, aravin arasodes  yofila Rirsi da `sakmarisad wminda~ amisaTvis, rom ar yofiliyoes mocemuli da eklesiisTvis mcnebad dadebuli SekrebaSi - im saidumlo erTobaSi, romelSic Cven, SevadgenT ra qristes sxeuls, SegviZlia ganukiTxvelad vuwodoT RmerTs mama da viyoT monawile da Tanaziari misi RmrTaebrivi cxovrebisa.

VI

da bolos, Tu `eklesiad Sekreba~ aris saxe qristes sxeulisa, maSin sxeulis Tavis saxe aris mRvdeli, is Sedis sxeulis SemadgenlobaSi da meTaurobs mas. swored es meTauroba qmnis `qristianTa jgufidan~ eklesias misi madlmosilebis sisavsiT. Tu kacobrivad mRvdeli aris erTi SekrebilTagani, SeiZleba kidec yvelaze codvili da uRirsi, suli wmidis madliT, romelsac eklesia atarebs sulTmofenobidan da romelic uwyvetad gadaecema episkoposis xelTdasxmiT, is avlens Zalas qristes mRvdlobisas, romelmac Tavi Seswira CvenTvis da aris erTaderTi mRvdeli axali aRTqmisa. `amas dadgromisaTvis misisa ukunisamde warualad aqvs mRdelobaÁ igi~ (ebr. 7. 24). rogorc krebulis siwmide ar aris xalxis siwmide , romlebic krebuls Seadgenen, aramed aris qristesmieri madli, aseve mRvdlis madlmosileba aris ara misi _ aramed qristesi, mocemuli eklesiisaTvis, rameTu is Tavad aris qristes sxeuli. qriste ar aris eklesiis gareT da aravisTvis gadaucia Tavisi xelmwifeba da Zala, aramed TviTon myofobs eklesiaSi da suli wmidis madliT marTavs da aRasrulebs mis cxovrebas. mRvdeli arc `warmomadgenelia~ da arc `moadgile~ qristesi. saidumloSi is TviTon aris qriste, msgavsad imisa, rogorc krebulia misi sxeuli. krebuls saTaveSi dgomiT, is Tavis TavSi gamoavlens eklesiisa da yvela misi wevris erTobas. aseTi saxiT, winamZRvris da wm. krebulis erTobaSi gamovlindeba RmerTkacobrivi erToba eklesiisa qristesTan.

amitom mRvdlis Semosva, Tundac Cvens dReebSi, rodesac igi aResruleba liturgiis dawyebamde, dakavSirebulia SekrebasTan, radgan is aris saxe, xati  qristes da eklesiis erTobisa, daurRveveli erToba mravalTa, romlebic erT mTlians warmoadgenen... TeTri Sesamoseli _ kaba an stiqari, aris, uwinares yovlisa, naTlobis is TeTri kvarTi, romelic yovel CvenTagans eZleva naTlobis dros. es aris samoseli yoveli monaTlulisa, samoseli TviT eklesiisa. misi CacmiT mRvdelmsaxuri gamoavlens wm. Sekrebis erTobas, gvaerTianebs yovel Cvengans TavisTan. olari _ es aris saxe mxsnelis mier Cveni bunebis miRebisa,  romelic man miiRo  Cveni gadarCenisa da ganRmrTobisaTvis, niSani imisa, rom es aris mRvdloba TviT qristesi. aseve samklaurebi da mRvdlis xelebi, romlebiTac is locavs da mRvdelmoqmedebs, aris ukve ara misi xelebi, aramed qristesi... sartyeli _ yovelTvis aris morCilebis da msaxurebisaTvis mzadyofnis niSani. mRvdelmsaxuri `TviTneburad~ ar adis da ar dgindeba SemaRlebul adgilas~, aramed is wargzavnilia msaxurebisaTvis  uflis madliT, romelsac emsaxureba da vis kvalsac is mihyveba. da bolos, filoni _ es saeklesio sityvaa, aRmniSvneli axali qmnilebisa, es aris sixaruli, simarTle da silamaze axali cxovrebisa, winasaxe saukunod gamefebuli RmrTisa.

Semosva mTavrdeba winamZRvris xelTbanviT, evqaristia aris maTi saqme, visac mieteva codvebi, dauteva usamarTloba da Seurigda RmerTs. esaa msaxureba axali kacobriobisa _ `odesme ara Sewyalebul xolo, aw Sewyalebulisa~ (1 petr. 2. 10). Cven SevdivarT taZarSi, Cven `eklesiad vikribebiT~, Cven vimosebiT axali qmnilebis samosiT. aseTia pirveli mRvdelmoqmedeba `saidumlo yovelTa saidumloTa~, wmindaTa wminda evqaristia.

wminda ZRvenis gardaqmna evqaristiul saidumloSi.*

`mTel RmrTismsaxurebaSi evqaristiuli saidumlos aRsrulebisas  myofobs ufali ieso qriste ara simbolurad da xatovnad, ara madlis sisavsiT, rogorc yvela sxva danarCen saidumloSi, ara mxolod [miCneviT], rogorc amas zogierTi eklesiis moZRvari ambobs naTlobis Sesaxeb da ara purSi SeRweviT ise, rom sityva RmrTaeba Tavisi arsiT Sevides evqaristiisaTvis mocemul purSi, rogorc amas luTeris mimdevrebi ganmartaven, aramed namdvilad da WeSmaritad. ase, rom evqaristiuli kanonis aRsrulebis dros puris da Rvinis kurTxevisas, puri ganxorcieldeba, gardaiqmneba, gardaisaxeba. gadaiqceva WeSmarit uflis sxeulad...~

`yvelasTvis cnobilia, ambobs grigol noseli, _ is kanoni, rom sxeulis arssa da safuZvels Seagdens saWmeli, adamianisaTvis mTavar sakvebs warmoadgens puri da Rvino, romlebic Wamis Semdeg gardaiqmnebian sisxlad da xorcad. sityva RmrTisa, romelic SeuerTda adamianur bunebas, `bunebrivi saSualebebiT xels uwyobs Tavisi sxeulis arsebobas, anu saWmliT da kvebiT. amasTan, puri emsgavseboda mis xorcs (xolo Rvino, mis sisxls), ase rom, RmerTTan SeerTebuli kacobrivi sxeuli, iRebda ra sakvebad purs, puri xdeboda misi sxeulis nawili. aseTi saxiT Cveulebrivi puri gardaqceuli axal sxeulad, iRebda RmrTaebriv Zalas. `swored amas vxedavT Cven dRes - ambobs wm. grigol noseli _ mxolod axla puri da Rvino ara Wamisa da smis saSualebiT xdeba RmrTis sityvis sxeuli, aramed _ mRvdlis mier locviT da RmrTis mieri kurTxeviT pirdapir gadaiqceva sityvis sxeulad, rogorc naTqvamia TviT sityvis mier `es aris xorci Cemi~. `...arave ujero ars amisica TqmaÁ, viTarmed: viTar-ese bunebiTni sazrdelni, puri da RvinoÁ, sumisa mier da Wamisa xorcad da sisxlad mWamelisa mis da msmelisa gardaiqcevian da ara iqmnebian sxva gvam, Tvinier gvamisa misisa, egreTve purni ese winadagebisani da RvinoÁ da wyali wodebiTa saRmrToÁsa saxelisaÁTa da mosvliTa maT zeda sulisa wmidisaÁTa xorcad da sisxlad qristesa Seicvlebian da ara arian or, aramed erT  da igive, ese igi ars, erT gvam mis Tana.~ - brZanebs wm. mama ioane damaskeli[8]

wminda grigol noseli exeba kidev erT Zalian mniSvnelovan sakiTxs, kerZod, Tu ratomaa, rom evqaristiisas Cven vxedavT purs da ara xorcs? wminda mama amas xsnis RmrTis lmobierebiTa da mowyalebiT adamianuri uZlurebisadmi, winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi, cocxali sxeulis danaxva adamianSi gamoiwvevda Zlieri SiSis grZnobas.

wm. mama Teofilaqte bulgareli aRniSnavs: `...puri, ganwmendili sakurTxevelze, TviTon qristes sxeulia da ara saxe misi, radgan ar uTqvams: ese ars saxe, aramed: ese ars xorci Cemi. puri gamouTqmeli moqmedebiT gardaiqmneba, Tumca CvenTvis isev purad Cans. radganac Cven, Cveni uZlurebisa gamo, umi, da Tanac, adamianis xorcis Wamas ver SeviwynarebdiT. amitomac gveCveneba purad, Tumca sinamdvileSi xorcia.~[9]

kirile ierusalimeli gvaswavlis: `puris saxiT Sen geZleva sxeuli, xolo Rvinis saxiT sisxli, raTa qristes sisxlTan da xorcTan erTobaSi Seiqmne `erT sisxl da erT xorc qristesi~. Cven imitom vxdebiT qristeSemosilni,  agrZelebs wm. mama, _ rom qristes sisxli da xorci SeerTvian Cveni sxeulis nawilebs~, aseTi gziT Cven vxdebiT asoni qristesni. rogorc kanas galileaSi gadaaqcia ufalma wyali Rvinod, aseve liturgiis dros, suli wmindis mimarT locvisas, rom man Seqmnas purisagan qristes xorci, evqaristiuli elementebi _ puri da Rvino  ikurTxebian da gardaiqmnebian. Cven ar unda SegvaSfoTos iman, rom puri da Rvino inarCuneben Tavis bunebriv Sexedulebas da gemos. ara gemos mixedviT unda vimsjeloT, aramed rwmeniT unda miviRoT, rom Cven Rirsi vxdebiT qristes sisxlis da xorcis Tanaziarebis~.

ioane damaskeli wers: `... viTar iyos ese Cemdao _ ityoda qalwuli, _ vinaiTgan mamakaci ara vici?~ miugo Ggabriel mTavarangelozman da hrqva: `suliwmidaÁ movides Sen zeda da Zali maRlisaÁ gfarvides Sen~. da ukeTu vinme awca ikiTxvide, viTarmed: viTar puri xorc qristesa iqmnes da RvinoÁ sisxl? me mogigeb Sen da getyvi, viTarmed suli wmidaÁ gardamovals da hyofs maT zeSTa sityvisa da mogonebisa.~[10]

grigol noselisa da ioane damaskelis swavlebiT, evqaristiuli elementebi miRebis Semdeg ar iziareben danarCeni sxva sakvebis beds, aramed pirdapir Sedian Cveni sisxlis da xorcis SemadgenlobaSi.

amave azrs iziarebs wm. mama ioane oqropiri: `ese sikeTe ars miuTxrobeli, rameTu xorcielTa WamadTagan Cven Soris ganmravlebuli igi sisxli ara meyseulad sisxli iqmnebis, aramed sxvad nivTad Seicvalebis pirvel da mermeRa iqmnebis sisxli, xolo ese ara esreT ars, aramed mi-rai-viRiT, meyseulad sulsa mohrwyavs didsa Zalsa miscems mas.~[11]

sxvagan ki wm. mama aRniSnavs: `.. TviT qristem dalia barZimidan, radgan, rodesac moismendnen am sityvebs: `es aris sisxli Cemi”, maT ar eTqvaT: `ra? sisxli unda davlioT da xorci unda vWamoT?~ da ar dabrkolebuliyvnen, radgan rodesac man wamoiwyo saubari amis Sesaxeb, mis sityvebze mravali dabrkolda _ ase rom, maSinac, rom ar dabrkolebuliyvnen, man pirvelad TviTon gaakeTa es, rodesac maT iwvevda saidumloebTan misaaxleblad, anu is svamda sakuTar sisxls.”

`dafiqrdi, rogori pativis Rirsi gaxdi Sen, rogori saxis trapeziT tkbebi!~ _ ambobs ioane oqropiri, mimarTavs ra qristians, _ rasac TrTolviT ucqeren angelozebi da misgan gamomavali brwyinvalebis gamo ver bedaven SiSis gareSe mis Sexedvas, misiT vikvebebiT Cven, misiT SeverTviT da vxdebiT erT sisxl da erT xorc qristesi... is gvkvebavs Cven Tavisi sisxliT da am gziT gvierTebs Cven Tavis RmrTaebriv arsebasTan~.

SesaZlebloba evqaristiuli elementebis _ purisa da Rvinis macxovris sisxlad da xorcad gardaqmnisa,  ioane oqropiris mixedviT,  mdgomareobs RmrTis yovlisSemZleobaSi. `is, vinc Seqmna isini erT saRamos, saidumlo serobis dros, qmnis maT axlac. Cven vcvliT msaxurTa adgils, xolo ZRvens gardaqmnis da akurTxebs TviT qriste, wm. mama sxvaganac ambobs `ara adamiani iqms imas, rom Seiwireba qristes sisxli da xorci, aramed TviT CvenTvis jvarcmuli qriste! mRvdeli aRasrulebs ra wess, dgas da ambobs ama Tu im locviT sityvebs, Zala da madli aris RmrTisagan. `es aris xorci Cemi~, _ ambobs. es sityvebi cvlian da gardaqmnian Sewirul ZRvens~.

wminda ambrosi mediolaneli svams kiTxvas: rogori saxiT SeiZleba moxdes, rom puri da Rvino evqaristiul saidumloSi xdeba sisxli da sxeuli qristesi? da am kiTxvaze pasuxobs: samRvdelo kurTxevis ZaliT, radgan `kurTxevas aqvs ufro didi Zala, vidre bunebas, radgan kurTxeviT icvleba TviT bunebac. es saidumlo, romelsac Sen iReb, aResruleba RmrTis sityvebiT. Tu ilia winaswarmetyvelis sityvebiT zecidan cecxli gardamovida, nuTu qristes sityva imdenad Zlieri ar aris, rom Secvalos TviT saxe elementebisa~, iqve agrZelebs: `ar aris ufro mcire saqme misce axali buneba sagans, purs sxeulis buneba vidre Secvalo is~.

wminda grigol didis cxovrebaSi vkiTxulobT: `cnobili romaeli qalbatoni dadebuli aRTqmisaebr amzadebda purebs (oblationes) evqaristiuli saidumlosaTvis da yovel kvira dRes mihqonda isini eklesiaSi. erTxel ziarebis dros, rodesac wminda grigoli aZlevda mas qristes xorcs, Tqva: `Corpus Domini Iesu Christi prosit tibiin remissionem omnium peccatorum et vitam aeternam~. _ qals gaecina. es SeniSna wminda grigolma da sxvaTa ziarebis SeuCereblad, brZana qalbatonis gverdze gayvana, xolo wminda nawili gadainaxa. msaxurebis damTavrebis Semdeg wminda mamam SekiTxviT mimarTa qalbatons, Tu ratom gaecina mas. qali didxans dumda, bolos upasuxa: `me vicani is puri, romelsac Cemi xeliT vamzadebdi da amis gamo sakvirvelad momeCvena, rodesac Sen mas uflis saxeli uwode~. moismina ra aseTi pasuxi, wm. grigolma moiwvia yvela iq myofi da locviT mimarTa RmerTs, qalis grZnobadi xedvisaTvis eCvenebina puri sxeulad, Secdomilis Sesagoneblad da rwmenaSi gansamtkiceblad, da ai ra moxda, rodesac locvis dasrulebis Semdeg man gadawia dafarna, romliTac dafaruli iyo wminda ZRveni, yvelas Tavlwin gamoCnda. gamaognebeli, cocxali sisxli da sxeulis cocxali nawili. yvelani gancvifrebulebi iyvnen. daumtkica ra gardaqmnis WeSmariti SesaZlebloba, wminda grigolma isev iloca RmrTis winaSe, da rodesac puris nawilma isev miiRo Tavis pirvandeli saxe, aziara am nawiliT `mdidari~ qalbatoni. SesaniSnavia sityvebi, romlebic uTxra mocemul SemTxvevaSi wm. grigolma urwmuno qalbatons: `iswavle ukve dadasturebuli WeSmaritebis rwmuneba: `puri, romeli me mivsce, xorci Cemi ars da sisxli Cemi WeSmariti sasumeli ars~ (ioan. 6. 51, 55). radgan Semoqmedma winaswar icis Cveni uZlureba, kaTolike locviT da suli wmidis moqmedebiT, purs da wyalSereul Rvinos gardaqmnis Tavis sisxlad da xorcad ise, rom maT maTTvis damaxasiaTebeli pirvandeli iersaxe unarCundebaT. amas ufali im ZaliT aRasrulebs, romliTac man arafrisagan yovelive Seqmna da Tavisi sxeulis qalwulis sxeulisagan Soba ineba.

wminda ioane damaskeli evqaristias adarebs gaxurebul nakvercxals, romelic esaiam ixila, da amiT miuTiTebs qristes sisxlis da xorcis miRebisaTvis winaswari momzadebis aucileblobaze. rogorc cecxli, romelsac dawvis Tviseba aqvs masTan mcire Sexebisas, aseve nakvercxali esaias bageebze SexebiT, ganwmends mas codvebisagan. aseve aris evqaristiac. igi kvebavs Rirseulebs, magram dawvavs uRirsebs, radgan is `ara Cveulebrivi puria, aramed SeerTebuli RmrTeebasTan~; ase rom, evqaristiaSi, rogorc TviT qristeSi ori bunebaa _ RmrTaebrivi da kacobrivi. amasTan erTi, ra Tqma unda sxeulis bunebaa da meore buneba masTan SeerTebuli RmrTaebisa. wm. ioane damaskelis azri cxadia: evqaristia sruli saxea, ganmeorebaa ganxorcielebuli qristesi: evqaristiul pursa da RvinoSi, rogorc TviT samyaros xsnisaTvis daklul kravSi, ori bunebaa _ RmrTaebrivi da adamianuri, es sruli qristea ori bunebiT SeerTebuli.

maziarebelTa ganxorcieleba qristeSi*

saRmrTo evqaristiul saidumloSi monawile morwmune eziareba RmerTkacis sisxls da xorcs da ganxorcieldeba, gardaisaxeba masSi. eklesiis aseT rwmenas zustad da srulad gamoxatavs sityva `ziareba~ (berZn: kinonia _ urTierToba), romelic gamoiyeneba saidumlos saxelad. wmindaTa wminda saRmrTo ziareba, e.i. urTierToba da kavSiri adamianisa RmerTTan aris RmrTis siyvarulis wminda saidumlo  . es aris adamianis ganRmrToba. wminda ioane oqropiri, korinTelTa mimarT epistoles ganmartebisas (1kor. 10,16), svams kiTxvas, Tu ra mizeziT amjobina mociqulma sityva `kinonia~ sityvas `metoxis~ (ziareba, monawileoba) da pasuxobs: `mas undoda eCvenebina raRac ufro aRmatebuli da didi kavSiri. radgan Cven veziarebiT ara mxolod monawileobiT da mosmenilis aRqmiT, aramed SeerTebiTac. rogorc  macxovris sxeuli SeuerTda qristes, aseve Cvenc mas vuerTdebiT am puris saSualebiT~.

wm. ioane oqropiris swavlebiT, rogorc adamianuri sxeuli da buneba SeuerTda RmrTis sityvas da ganiRmrTo, aseve Cvenc, wminda puris saSualebiT vuerTdebiT qristes, ganvaxldebiT zeciuri SobiT da vxdebiT RmerTebi madlis mier. saRmrTo ziarebis Semdgomad igiveni vxdebiT Cven madliT, rac qristea bunebiT.

`... raiTa Cvenca misTave kvalTa SeudgeT da viqmneT madliT da moniWebiT, raÁ igi ars bunebiT da gvamovnebiT, ese igi aris Svil da mkvidr RmrTisa da Tanamkvidr qristes misisa~ - brZanebs wm. mama ioane damaskeli.[12]

`saocrad mravalsaxa da amoucnobi kavSirebia saidumlo ziarebaSi, - aRSniSnavs wm. mama grigol palama, ieso qriste Cveni xorcieli Zma Seiqmna, `rameTu yrmaTa eziara xorcTa da sisxlTa (ebr. 2,14), Cven gagviTanasworda, monebs meufeba gviboZa da ara marto dagvenaTesava, aramed Tavisive sisxliT gamogvisyida, gveZmo da dagvimegobrda, saidumlo ziarebis Rirsad gvaqcia, Tavis TavTan SegvaerTa da suli wmidiT dagvwinda, viTarca siZem sasZlo gvaziara sisxls da erT-xorc gveqmna~.[13]

qristesTan morwmuneebis zebunebriv kavSirSi mTavars warmoadgens RmrTis adamianisadmi siyvaruli. es aris adamianis gonebisaTvis miuwvdomeli saidumlo.  wminda mama ioane cdilobs naxos Sesabamisi magaliTi adamianur urTierTobebSi da daadgens: `vin-me ityodis ZlierebaTa uflisaTa, sasmenel-yvnes yovelni qebulebani misni? (fsal. 105,2) romelman mwyemsman xorciTa TvisiTa gamozardnis cxovarni? romelman mefeman ersa Tvissa miscis sisxli Tvisi? da qriste iqms amas Cven zeda, da mogvcems xorcsa da sisxlsa Tvissa, da yovliT kerZo SegvaerTebs Tavsa Tvissa.~[14]

RmrTis siyvarulis gamovlineba evqaristiis saidumloSi _ es aris Tanaziareba yovelive saRmrTo aRmSeneblobis saqmeSi. ufali Cveni iRebs monis xats da Seimoss Tavisi mowyalebiT misgan gandgomil adamians, raTa gaaTavisuflos is codvis tyveobidan da rom ganaSoros mas xrwnileba da sikvdili. adamians gadarCenisaTvis ara aqvs sxva saSualeba garda sicocxlesTan ziarebisa. roqorc cxovelmyofeli gaxda macxovris sxeuli, SeerTebuli Tavis bunebiT maradiul cxovrebasTan, aseve, rodesac Cven vikvebebiT misiT, Cvenc viRebT maradiul cxovrebas sakuTar TavSi.

`... wmida saidumlos Tanamonawileni umZlavres-viqmnebiT da uRirsni Rirseuli gavxdebiT, wers wm. mama grigol palama, - sasoebiTa da rwmeniT SevigrZnobT xilulsac da uxilavsac. xorci qristesi _ puri, am SemTxvevaSi kretsabmelia, romelic faravs RmrTis siRrmeSi arsebul saidumlos. RmrTaebrivma mociqulma pavlem es icoda, rodesac ambobda: `gangviaxla Cven gzaÁ axali da cxoveli, kretsabmeliTa miT, ese igi ars, xorcTa misTaTa.~ (ebr. 10,19-20), risi wyalobiTac camde avmaRldebiT, rameTu ese puri zeciuri puria da Cvenc WeSmaritad wmidaTa-wmidaSi SevaRwevT ieso qristes msxverplad gaRebuli umankoebis meoxebiT: `mouxdeT mas WeSmaritiTa guliTa, gulsavsebiTa sarwmunoebisaTa (ebr. 10,22).[15]

ufali gvierTdeba Cven, xdeba Cven sakvebad, raTa iyos sruli kavSiri  Tavis Tavsa da adamians Soris da aseTi saxiT ganaxorcielos adamianis dabruneba saRmrTo cxovrebaSi. ai, rogor gadmogvcems am azrs wm. grigol palama: `modiT, _ ambobs ufali _ sWameT xorci Cemi da hsuiT sisxli Cemi, saukuno cxovrebis msurvelno, raTa am gziT ara marto ganiRmrToT, aramed gaxdeT Tavad RmerTni, saukuno da zecieri mefeni, eSmakTa ganmdevnelni, angelozTa ganmacvifrebelni, zeciuri mamis usayvarlesi Zeni, adamianTa modgmis maraduWknobi yvavilebi, yovlismpyrobeli samebis mkvidrni.~[16]

qristes sityvebis Tanaxmad, _ `romeli Wamdes xorcsa Cemsa da smides sisxlsa Cemsa, igi CemTana dadgromil ars, da me misTana~ (ioan. 6,56). saRmrTo evqaristiaSi monawileobiT, Cven verTiandebiT RmrTis sityvasTan da vxdebiT `erT sisxl da erT xorc missa~. erTxorcqmnili iwodeba ori arseba, romlebic SeerTebulia erT sxeulSi. es sityva xSirad gamoiyeneba wmida mamaTa mier mWidro da ontologiuri erTobis gamosaxatavad qristes da morwmuneebs Soris, romlebic eziarebian mis sisxlsa da xorcs. `ara mxolod Tavisi RmrTaebrivi hipostasi SeaerTa Tavisi gamouTqmeli kacTmoyvarebiT Ze RmrTisam Cvens bunebasTan, miiRo ra sxeuli gansulierebuli da suli gonieri, gancxadda dedamiwaze da iqceoda kacTa Soris, aramed saswauli, romelic Sedga, TviT adamianur hipostasTanSeerTebas niSnavs. misi wminda xorcis ziarebiT, yoveli morwmune SeerTvis mas da is xdeba erTxorc CvenTan da Cvengan qmnis Tavisi RmrTaebis taZars.

wminda ioane oqropiri gansakuTrebuli xazgasmiT aRniSnavs adamianis ganxorcielebas qristeSi, madlis mier maT qristed gardaqmnas, Tvlis ra pirvel da mTavar qmedebad morwmuneTa monawileobas saidumloSi. `ra aris es, rom Cven gavxdiT qristes Tanaziarni? Cven veziarebiT mas, is da Cven gavxdiT erTni. da Tumca is Tavia, xolo Cven _ sxeuli, Cven _ Tanamemkvidreni da erT sxeul myofni varT. Cven varT erTi xorci da erTi sxeuli misi da Zvali ZvalTagani missa~. wminda evqaristiis wyalobiT Cven morwmuneni SeverTdebiT masTan.

`... ese ars sazrdeli sulieri~, - wers wm. ioane damaskeli - `mouxdebodiT ukue mgznebarebiTa survilisaÁTa da esreT SeviwynarebdeT xorcsa jvarcmulisasa, raÁTa cecxlman survilisa Cvenisaman miiRos raÁ nakvercxlisa mismieri ganxurvebaÁ myis dawvnes Secodebanni Cuenni da gananaTlnes gulni Cvenni da esreT SexebiTa saRmrToÁsa cecxlisaÁTa ganxurvebul da ganRmrTobil viqmneT.~[17]

uflis sityvebis ganmartebisas: `puri romeli mihvce xorci Cemi ars~ (in. 6,51), wminda mama ioane oqropiri saubrobs mizanze, romlis gamoc Cven mogveca es gamouTqmeli saidumlo: `ukueTu asoni varT misni, xolo mas eneba, raiTamca gviCvena siyvaruli, romeli aqvs Cvenda momarT. amisTvisca SeaerTa Tavi Tvisi Cven Tana, raiTa esreT erT viqmneT mis Tana, viTarca erT ars gvami Tavsa Tana, rameTu ese ars saqme friadisa siyvarulisa saxe. da amas moaswavebda iob, ityoda ra monaTa maTTvis, romelTada friad sasurvel iyo, viTar igini etyodes mravlisa mis maTisa survilisagan, viTarmed `vin mogvces xorcTagan misTa ganZRomad?~ (iob. 31,31). amisTvisca qristeman qmna ese, raiTa umetesad siyvarulad misa momiyvannes Cven, da Tvisica siyvaruli gviCvenos, romeli aqus Cvenda momarT da ara xilvad oden misa Rirs-myofs Cven, aramed Sexebadca da Wamad misa da coxnad kbilTa CueniTa uxrwnelsa xorcsa missa da SeerTebad misda da aRsrulebad survilisa mis Cvenisa.~[18]

amitom man SegvrTo TavisTan da mogvca Cven Tavisi sxeuli, raTa Cven gavxdeT erTni iseve, rogorc sxeuli SeerTebulia TavTan, radgan es aris niSani Zlieri urTierTsiyvarulisa.

wmida ioane oqropiri, miiCnevda ra wminda ziarebas zeciur cxovrebis wesad, grZnobda, rom yovelive ikurTxeba ziarebiT: sxeuli, suli, yoveldRiuri Cveulebrivi saqmeebi. rodesac ganmartavs sityvebs: `moikiTxevdeT urTierT-ars amborisyofiTa wmidiTa~ (1 kor. 13,12), is aRniSnavs: `ramdenadac Cven veziarebiT uflis sisxls da xorcs, Cven varT taZari qristesi; da Cven gviyvars karibWe taZrisa da Sesvla masSi, erTmaneTis siyvaruliT (ambori)... da am karibWiT da kariT Semovida da Semodis CvenTan qriste, rodesac Cven veziarebiT~.

`saRmrTo evqaristia _ es udidesi saswaulia, romelic ki ganawesa RmrTis Zalam, umaRlesi saidumloa, rogoric moifiqra RmrTis yovladbrZnobam da uZvirfasesi niWia, rogoric warmogvigzavna RmrTis madlma.~ - wers episkoposi ilia miniatisi[19] 

wm. grigol palama xazgasmiT aRniSnavs, rom gadarCenisaTvis aucilebelia cxovrebis purTan Tanaziareba. igi wers: `puri RmrTisa ars romeli gardamoxda zeciT da mohsca cxorebai sofelsa (ioan. 6,33). vinc ar miiRebs am purs, ver cxondeba. is ki, vinc saukuno cxovrebas daimkvidrebs, ara marto aRdgeba mkvdreTiT, tanjvaTagan ganTavisufldeba da sasufevelSic SeaRwevs.~[20]

`es puri, romelic Tavisi bunebiT momavali sicocxlea,~ - aRniSnavs netari Teofilaqte, - `aris cxoveli RmrTis Ze, romelic misTvis damaxasiaTebeli TvisebebiT yvelafers acocxlebs. ise, rogorc miwieri puri amagrebs Cvens sust bunebas da ar aZlevs ganxrwnis saSualebas, aseve qristec, wmida sulis moqmedebiT, acocxlebs Cvens suls, da aseve Cven xorcsac amagrebs (inaxavs) uxrwnelebaSi. rameTu qristesgan adamianis bunebas (arsebas) momadlebuli aqvs mkvdreTiT aRdgoma da sxeulis uxrwneleba.~[21]

ufalma aRgviTqva Cven, rom movida samyaroSi, raTa mis morwmuneebs `cxorebaÁ aqundes da umetesi aqundes~ (ioan. 10,10). am baraqian cxovrebas is TviTon warmoadgens, Sewirul saidumloSi. misca yovelTa cxovrebisaTvis Tavisi sxeuli da Tavidan asaxlebs CvenSi misi meSveobiT sicocxles. imiT, rom is gaxda golgoTis msxverpli, rac maradis vlindeba da meordeba evqaristiul saidumloSi. Cven vxdebiT Zmebi mxolodSobilisa, Tanamemkvidreni, erTxorcni, vmyofobT mis sxeulSi da rogorc Tavi sxeulTan, aseve varT Cven SeerTebuli.

saidumlos nayofze saubrisas wminda ioane oqropirs ar daviwyebia, xazi gaesva, rom qristeSi Cveni ganxorcielebis misaRwevad aucilebelia, rom cxovrebis barZimTan Sesabamisi momzadebiT unda mivideT. `SevexoT, ambobs is, _ misi kvarTis bolos, Tu gvinda is srulad viqonioT, radganac misi sxeuli Cven winaSea. axla ara mxolod unda SevexoT, aramed vWamoT da SevimosoT. miveaxloT sarwmunoebiT, radganac yovelni uZlurebaSi varT. vinaidan, vinc kvarTis kidis SexebiT miiRebs aseT Zalas, miTumetes miiRebs srulad misi miRebiT. ara mxolod miviRoT winadagebuli ZRveni, aramed wminda guliT SevexoT mas, iseve, rogorc mividodiT Tavad qristesTan~. aseTi sulieri momzadebiT monawile adamiani saRmrTo ziarebaSi xdeba `taZari RmrTisa~. suli maziareblisa taZarze wmindaa, `radgan is brwyinavs ara oqroTi da vercxliT, aramed _ RmrTis madliT.

`ese sisxli saidumloÁsaÁ iotebs eSmakTa da Sors-hyofs Cvengan da mouwods angelozTa Cvenda da meufesa mas angelozTasa, rameTu sad ixilon sisxli igi sameufoÁ, ivltian eSmakni da miiswrafian mun angelozni, ese sisxli daiTxia raÁ, yovelive sofeli ganbana.”[22]

`aw ukve Senca, morwmuneo,~  mogviwodebs ioane oqropiri, - miiswrafe beTlemd, romel ars taZari purisa mis sulierisaÁ, wmidai eklesiaÁ, sada-ese maraddRe ixilvebis ufali mwolare sakurTxevelsa amas zeda wmidasa, viTarca maSin bagasa zeda.~[23]

`Tavad umwikvlo sxeuli ieso qristesi, CvenTvis sazrdelad gaRebuli, migviTiTebs da gvaswavlis, Tu rogor gavxdeT Tanaziarni uflis qvelmoqmedebebis da vnebebis. dae, maradis vcxovrobdeT ieso qristeTi, vmeufebdeT mis Tana,  gvarigebs wm. grigol palama, - ...ufali ieso qristes umanko sisxli Seiwira. ieso qristem ZmasaviT Seiyvara TiToeuli Cvengani da uzeSTaes mamasTan SegvaerTa. ... jvarcmuli ieso qriste cxovrebis momniWebelia ukuniTi ukunisamde qristianTaTvis, ganadidebs da srulhyofs maT da idideba Tanadausabamod mamiT da cxovelsmyofel suliT wmidiTurT aw da maradis da ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin.[24]

                 ziarebis saidumlo*

                                     I

saukuneebis ganmavlobaSi Tavisi ganviTarebis manZilze wminda liturgiam mravali cvlileba ganicada. magram masSi ar momxdara imaze ufro siRrmiseuli da mniSvnelovani cvlileba, rogoricaa dRevandel dRes warmodgenili evqaristiuli RmrTismsaxurebis bolo nawili _ wesi wmida saidumlosTan, qristes sisxlTan da xorcTan ziarebisa. mRvdeli aleqsandre Smemani saWirod Tvlis, rom yuradReba swored evqaristiis saidumloSi ganxorcielebul am cvlilebebze unda SeCerdes.

sul Tavidan liturgiis dros yoveli marTlis ziareba eklesiis mier aRiqmeboda, uflis sityvebis aRsrulebad, rac Tavis mxriv aris mizani evqaristiisa. `raÁTa sWamdeT da sumideT tablasa zeda Cemsa, sasufevelsa Sina Cemsa~ (lk. 22. 30). amitom evqaristiis `formas~ warmoadgens trapezi, xolo mis aRsrulebas _ saerTo ziareba. yovelive es marTlmadideblur perspeqtivaSi ar saWiroebs mtkicebas.

axsnas saWiroebs is istoriuli faqti, rom evqaristiis aseTi saxiT aRqmas droTa ganmavlobaSi eklesiis mravali wevri daSorda, Tanamedrove morwmune da eklesiuri adamiani, ver xedavs aucileblobas eziaros yoveli liturgiis aRsrulebisas. katexizmodan is gebulobs: `deda eklesia gvixmobs, vTqvaT aRsareba da veziaroT qristes wmida sisxlsa da xorcs weliwadSi oTxjer an yovelTviurad, an ukidures SemTxvevaSi weliwadSi erTxel~[25]. ziarebis mosurnem aucileblad unda Tqvas aRsareba da bolos, es xazgasmiT unda aRvniSnoT, rom, Tu eriskaci moindomebs `dawesebul normaze~ ufro xSirad eziaros, saidumlosTan miaxlebis es survili ar aRiqmeba Sekrebis ZiriTad miznad, aramed xasiaTdeba rogorc Zieba `ufro xSirad ziarebisa~ da ara rogorc aRsruleba eklesiis wevris mier Tavisi qristianuli mowodebisa. es ise myarad Sevida eklesiis cxovrebis wesSi da ganmtkicda masSi, rom katexizmoSi arsebobs aseTi saxis SekiTxva _ `ra formiT monawileoben saRmrTo liturgiaSi isini, romlebic mxolod ismenen mas da ar eziarebian wminda ZRvens?~. pasuxi aseTia: `maT  SeuZliaT da movalenic arian, monawileobdnen locvebSi sarwmunoebiT da Cveni uflis ieso qristes uwyveti moxseniebiT, romelmac Tavad brZana amis Sesruleba~ swored saidumlos miReba mogvca mcnebad qristem Semdegi sityvebiT: `miiReT da sWameT... sviT amisgan yovelTa... amas hyofdeT mosaxsenebelad Cemda~.(lk. 22, 19) aRvniSnavT aseve, rom kiTxvebi aramaziarebelTa Sesaxeb da am kiTxvebze gacemuli pasuxebi, faqtobrivad exeba eklesiis udides nawils da ara romelime gamonaklis SemTxvevas. samwuxarod, am SemTxvevaSi gamonakliss swored maziareblebi Seadgenen.

ra moxda? rogor moxda da ratom, rom saukuneebis manZilze grZeldeba es metamorfoza, evqaristiuli ZiriTadi azris dayvana `erT saidumloTaganamde~, rogorc `ganaTlebis erT-erT saSualebamde~.  ara mxolod eklesiur eriskacTa, aramed episkoposebSi, sasulieroTa Soris, da bolos RmrTismetyvelebSi _ rarig sakvirvelad ar unda gveCvenos es, mcdelobas, pasuxi gaeces am kiTxvebs, Cven TiTqmis ver vpoulobT Cvens oficialur akademiur RmrTismetyvelebaSi. amasTan saubaria ara ubralod saeklesio disciplinis evoluciaze, RmrTismetyvelebis daqveiTebaze, dasavleTis gavlenaze da a. S., aramed eklesiis TviTSegnebisa da TviTaRqmisagan sulier gadaxvevaze. sxva sityvebiT rom vTqvaT, saubaria eklesiologiur krizisze, romelzec Cven SevaCerebT yuradRebas.

                                II

ziarebis, rogorc eklesiis wevrobis aRsrulebis ideis TandaTanobiT gaqrobis yvelaze gavrcelebuli axsna mdgomareobs gadaWarbebuli raodenobis eriskacTa mier, TiTqosda, barZimTan xSiri miaxlebisaTvis sakuTari uRirsebis gancdaSi. da TiTqos amis gamo maTTvis aucilebelia damatebiTi moTxovnebi da garantiebi. erSi mcxovreb xalxs aqvs sistematiuri Sexeba amqveyniur uwmindurebasTan, tyuilTan, usamarTlobasTan _ codvasTan da amitom saWiroeben gansakuTrebul ganwmendas, gansakuTrebul momzadebas, sinanulis gansakuTrebul gaZlierebas.

 profesori Smemani am axsnas RvTisniers uwodebs, radgan is, misi azriT, marTlac saukeTesoa Tavis gamoTqmebSi da ganmartebebSi, igi gamomdinareobs codvilobis gancdidan, siwmindis `pativiscemidan~, sakuTari uRirsebis gamo SiSidan. ama Tu im saxiT, es SiSi damaxasiaTebelia yvela religiisaTvis. Sua saukuneebis qristianobaSi misiT iyo ganmsWvaluli mTeli cxovreba, “Согрешихом, беззаконновахом, неправдобахом пред тобою”... sazogadoebis zneobrivi ideali, romelmac qristianul sazogadoebaze didi gavlena iqonia, xdeba asketizmi, xSirad mis ukidures formebSi. xolo TeTri samRvdeloebis dacemas, romelic damowmebulia trulis krebis mier Sedgenil kanonebSi (691 w.), mivyavarT im azramde, rom monazvnobam iTava saeklesio cxovrebis meTauroba. Cven ara gvaqvs saSualeba, aq SevCerdeT am mravalmxrivi procesis mizezebze da formebze. CvenTvis mniSvnelovania is sakiTxi, rom mas TandaTanobiT mivyavarT eklesiis klerikizaciamde, sasulieroTa da saeroTa erTmaneTisagan sul metad da metad daSorebamde. icvleba mTeli saeklesio atmosfero rac jer kidev ucxo iyo wm. ioane oqropiris epoqisaTvis. IV saukunis bolos wm. ioane oqropiri `korinTelTa mimarT meore epistolis~ ganmartebaSi, kerZod `meore saubarSi~ wers: ……`...Cven yvelani erTnairad vxdebiT maTi Rirsi. Cven yvelas gvaqvs SemoTavazebuli erTi sxeuli da erTi sasmeli... da Cven yvelani Tanasworad erTmaneTs veamborebiT...~.

magram mogvianebiT, sakralizmi da klerikalizmi imarjvebs, es Cans taZris mowyobasa da ganviTarebaSi, romelic sul ufro metad da metad xazs usvams sasulieroTa da saeroTa urTierTdaSorebas, wmida ioane oqropiri amis Sesaxeb wers: `rodesac movida qriste da ewama qalaqs gareT, ganwminda mTeli dedamiwa, locvisTvis SesaZlebeli gaxada yoveli adgili. `ginda icode sabolood mTeli dedamiwa Tu rogor gadaiqca taZrad da yovel adgilas SesaZlebeli gaxda locva?~ magram ganmarteba taZrisac da liturgiisac am duRilSi Zalian adre gaqra eklesiidan. sakurTxevelSi Sesvla, wmidaTa wmidasTan miaxleba aekrZala eris xalxs, misi monawileoba evqaristiaSi gaxda pasiuri. is sruldeba maT magier maTTvis, magram mis SesrulebaSi isini aRar monawileoben. Tu adre gamyofi xazi `amaqveynisa~ eklesiisagan miiTvlida eris xalxs, axla is gamoyofs maT, swored amaze metyvelebs maTi gansazRvra, rogorc saeroni (kosmikiV). da ara, rogorc adre _ wevrebi `saRmrTo erisa~, (laoVj) adamianebi aRyvanilni TavisTan saRmrTo kuTxeSi - RmrTis savaneSi...

III

kaTakmevelTa wargzavnis Semdeg (Zvel eklesiaSi aseve `monanulebisac~), `daxSul karebSi~ aResruleba evqaristia _ erTdroulad usisxlo msxverplis Sewirva da marTalTa momzadeba RmrTis wminda sisxlTan da xorcTan ziarebisaTvis.

`kvaladca, da mravalgzis Sen SegivrdebiT da Sen gevedrebiT, saxiero da kacTmoyuareo, raTa moxedviTa vedrebasa Cvensa ganswmidne sulni Cvenni da xorcni yovlisagan Seginebisa xorcTa da sulisa, da momec Cven ubralod da dausjelad wardgomad wmindasa Sensa sakurTxevelsa: mommadlen, RmerTo, CvenTana mlocvelTa, warmarTebaÁ cxovrebisa da sarwmunoebisa, da gulisxmisyofisa sulierisa, moec maT yovladve SiSiT da siyvaruliT msaxurTa SenTa, ubralod da dausjelad moRebad wmidaTa SenTa saidumloTa da zecisa sasufevelsa Rirsyofad~.

meore locva marTalTa, wm. ioane oqropiris liturgia.

`Sen SegvedrebT yovelsa cxovrebasa Cvensa da sasoebasa, meufeo kacTmoyvareo, da gxadiT Sen, da gevedrebiT da SegivrdebiT, Rirs myven Cven moRebad zecisa SenTa SesaZrwunebelTa saidumloTa, amis samRdelosa da suliersa trapezisaTa, wmidiTa svindisiTa, mosatevebelad codvaTa, Sesandobelad bralTa, sulisa wmindisa ziarebad, sasufevelsa caTasa damkvidrebad, nu sasjelad, gina dasasjelad~.

locva ,,mamao Cvenos” win, wmida ioane oqropiris liturgia.

`ufalo RmerTo Cveno, dambadebelo, da momyvanebelo cxovrebasa amas, mCvenebelo Cvenda gzasa cxovrebisasa, momniWebelo Cvenda zecaTa saidumloTa gamocxadebisa: Sen xar damawesebeli Cveni msaxurebasa amas Zalisa sulisa Senisa wmidisaTa: saTno iyav aw, ufalo, yofaÁ Cveni, msaxur axlisa aRTqmisa Senisa, memsxverpleobad wmindaTa SenTa saidumloTa, Semiwynaren Cven, miaxlebulni wmindisa Senisa sakurTxevelisani, simravlisaebr wyalobaTa SenTasa, raÁTa viqmneT Rirs Sewirvad Senda, sityvierisa amis da usisxloÁsa msxverplisa CvenTa codvaTaTvis da eris umecrebisaTvis, romlisa Semwirvelman wmindasa zeda da zesTa caTasa sacnaursa sakurTxevelsa Sensa sunad sunnelebisad gardamogvivline Cven madli sulisa Senisa wmindisa.~ (locva Sesawiravisa, Semdgomad dadgmisa wmindasa zeda trapezsa saRmrToÁsa ZRvenisa. wm. basili didis liturgia).

SeuZlebelia, ufro naTlad gamoavlino anaforis, igive ZRvenis Sewirvis, anu usisxlo msxverplisadmi didebis aRvlenis organuli kavSiri ziarebisaTvis mzadebasTan. wminda ZRvenSi Cven vaRiarebT qristes wminda sisxls da xorcs, qristes mier gaRebul msxverpls `yovelTa da yovlisaTvis~, ziarebisas viRebT mas rwmeniT, imediT da siyvaruliT qristesTan erTobaSi, mis sicocxleSi, mis sasufevelSi...

erTis meorisagan gamoyofiT, rac ar unda saSiSi iyos saTqmelad, ziani adgeba evqaristiuli saidumlos WeSmarit azrs. is aRiqmeba ukve ara rogorc eklesiis wevrobis aRsruleba, RvTis sasufevlis da axali cxovrebis gamovlineba, aramed rogorc `Wama~ nivTieri siwmindisa, romelic saidumlos gadaaqcevs raRac `anatomiur saswaulad~. swored aq ixsneba evqaristiis ganmartebis yvela labirinTi. `orive mxare _ kaTolikuri da protestantuli, mxolod imas akeTebs, rom an uaryofen an amtkiceben saswaulebriv cvlilebebs cnobili miwieri elementebisas da aranairad ar esmiT, rom arsebiTi nawili yoveli saidumlosi aris eklesia. da mxolod da mxolod erTaderTi misTvis aResruleba saidumloni, miwier bunebriv kanonebTan yovelgvari kavSiris gareSe. vinc ugulebelhyo vali siyvarulisa, man amowura xsovna misi Zalis, amowura aseve xsovna imis, rom arsebobs realoba rwmenis samyaroSi~\

                            

                              IV

profesori Smemani saWirod miiCnevs saubars marTalTa liturgiis momzadebis wessa da Tanmimdevrobaze, im saxiT, romliTac man  Cvenamde bizantiuri liturgikuli gadmocemiT moaRwia.          

uSualod epiklezisis[26] Semdeg winamZRvari iwyebs kiTxvas saSuamdgomlo locvisas. ufro dazustebiT, es locva SeiZleboda gangvesazRvra, rogorc locva qristes sxeulis, eklesiis SekrebisaTvis da misi sruli sisavsiT gamovlinebisaTvis.

xolo Cven yovelni erTisa purisa da sasmelisagan mimRebelni, SegvaerTen urTierTars, erTisa sulisa wmindisa ziarebad, da nuca erTisa CvenTaganisa sasjel anu dasasjel iqmnebis  ziareba wmindisa xorcisa da sisxlisa qristes Senisa, aramed raTa vpooT wyalobaÁ da madli yovelTa Tana wmindaTa, saukuniTgan saTno yofilTa SenTa pirvelTa mamaTa, mamaT-mTavarTa, winaswarmetyvelTa, mowameTa, aRmsarebelTa, moZRvarTa da yovlisa sulisa marTalTa sarwmunoebiT aRsrulebulisa.

umetesad yovlad-wmindisa, uxrwnelisa, ufrosad kurTxeulisa, didebulisa dedoflisa Cvenisa RvTismSobelisa da maradis qalwulisa mariamisa.

wmindisa ioane winaswarmetyvelisa, winamorbedisa da naTlismcemelisa, wmindaTa da yovladqebulTa mociqulTa, da yovelTa wmindaTa SenTaTa, romelTa vedrebiTa moixile Cven zeda, RmerTo da moixsenen yovelni pirvel gardacvalebulni, sasoebiTa aRdgomisa da cxovrebisa saukunoÁsa. da ganusvene maT, sadaca hfaravs naTeli pirisa SenisaÁ.

mermeca gevedrebiT, ufalo, moixsene Seni wminda, kaTolike da samociqulo eklesia kidiTgan vidre kidemde soflisaTa, daamSvide igi, romeli Sekribe patiosniTa sisxliTa qristes SenisaTa, da wminda sisxli ese daamtkice vidre aRsasrulamde saukunisa. moixsene, ufalo, ZRvenTa amaT Semomwirvelni Senda, da romelTaTvis da romelTa mier Semowirnes ese. moixsene, ufalo, nayofis Semomwirvelni da keTilis myofelni wmindaTa SenTa eklesiaTani da momxsenebelni glaxakTani, TvisTa da megobarTani. miage maT mdidarni da zecisa madlni Senni, mianiWe maT qveyanisaTa wil zecisaTani, da sawuTosa wil saukunoni, ganxrwnadTa wil uxrwnelni. moixsene, ufalo, meudabnoeobasa, mTaTa da qvabTa da xvrelTa qveyanisaTa myofni. moxsene, ufalo, qalwulebisa da krZalulebisa da moRvawebisa, da patiosnisa cxovrebisa aRmrCevelni. moixsene, ufalo, garemoÁs mdgomarisa erisa, da samarTlisa mizezTaTvis daklebulTa, Seiwyalen igini da Cven simravlisaebr wyalobisa Cvenisa. saunjeni maTni aRavsen yovliTa keTiliTa, meufebaÁ maTi mSvidobasa Sina da erTobasa daicev, Cvilni ganzarden, siWabuke ganswvarTe, sibere ganaZliere, sulmokleTa nugeSinis-ec, ganbneulni Sekriben, Secdomilni moaqcien, da SeaerTen wmindasa Sensa kaTolike da samociqulosa eklesiasa, SfoTianni sulTagan arawmindaTa ganaTavisuflen, menaveTa Tana naviT mavalobad, mogzaurTa Tana mogzaurobad, qvrivTa Seewie, obolTa xeli aRupyar, tyveni gamoixsnen, sneulni gankurnen, samsjavroTa da saZnaurTa SromaTa, da eqsoriaobaTa, da mwareTa monebaTa, da yovelsa Wirsa, da urvasa da gansacdelsa Sina myofni, moqeneni didisa mowyalebisa Senisani, moyvarenica Cvenni da moZuleni, da Semovedrebulni Cven uRirsTa locvisani maTTvis, da yovlisa erisa SenisaTvis moixsenen, ufalo RmerTo Cveno, da yovelTa mohfine mdidari wyaloba Seni, yovelTa mihmadle sacxovrebelni Txovani maTni da romelni Cven ver movixseneniT ucnaurebisaTvis anu daviwyebisa, gina Tu simravlisaTvis saxelTasa, Sen moixsenen, RmerTo, romelman uwyni TviToeulisa hasaki da saxelisdebaÁ, romelman uwyi TviToeuli mier mucliTgan dedisa TvisisaT, rameTu Sen xar, ufalo, Semwe SeuwevnelTa, sasoeba usasoTa, Relva gvemulTa macxovari, menaveTa navTsayudeli, sneulTa mkurnali. Sen yovelTa eqmen yovel, romelman uwyni TviToeulni saxelni, da saxmari misi. ixsen ufalo qalaqi ese da yovelni qalaqni da sofelni, siymilisagan, svrisa, Zvrisa, danTqmisa, cecxlisa, da maxvilisa, zeda moslvisagan ucxo TeslTasa da tomisagan brZolisa.

(episkoposTaTvis)

moixsene, ufalo, yoveli episkoposi marTlmadide-belTa, romelni ganamarTlen sityvisa Senisa WeSmaritebi-saTa, moixsene, ufalo, simravliTa mowyalebaTa SenTaTa Cemica uRirsebaÁ da Semndev yovelni Secodebani Cemni, nebsiTni da uneblieTni, da nu CemTa codvaTaTvis daayeneb madlsa sulisa wmindisasa, winamdebareTa ZRvenTagan. moixsene, ufalo, xucesni, qristes mier diakonni, da yovelni samRvdeloÁsa mwyobrisa, da nuca erTsa Cvengansa arcxven garemoÁs mdgomareTa wmindisa Senisa sakurTxeve-lisaTa. momxeden Cven sitkboebiTa SeniTa, ufalo, gamogviCndi Cven mdidarTa mier wyalobaTa SenTa. keTilad Sezavebulni da margebelni haerni mogvmadlen Cven, wvimani mSvidobisani qveyanasa nayofierebad moaniWen, akurTxe gvirgvini weliwadisa sitkboebiTa SeniTa: daacxrve ganxeTqileba eklesiaTa, daSriten aRZrvani warmarTTani, wvalebaTa zeda aRmdgomni moswrafebiT daarRvien ZaliTa wmindisa sulisa SenisaTa, Cven yovelni Semiwynaren sasufevelsa Sensa, Zed naTlisad da Zed dRisad gamogvaCinen. Seni mSvidobaÁ da Seni siyvaruli mommadlen Cven, ufalo RmerTo Cveno, rameTu yovelive momage Cven. da momec Cven ufalo erTiTa piriTa da erTiTa guliTa didebad da galobad yovlad-patiosansa da didad Sveniersa saxelsa Sensa mamisa da Zisa da wmindisa sulisa, aw da maradis da ukuniTi ukunisamde. amin.

da iyavn wyalobani didisa RmrTisa da macxovrisa  Cvenisa ieso qristesni Tqven yovelTa Tana.

da sulisaca Senisa Tana.

(liturgia wm. basili didisa)

V

mRvdeli a.Smemani locvis teqstis srulad moyvanas imiT xsnis, rom is yvelaze kargad gvixsnis ziarebisTvis momzadebis azrs, romelic am locvebiT iuwyeba evqaristiuli mRvdelmsaxurebis TanmimdevrobaSi. es locva Semokrebs da aerTianebs yvela kosmiur, eklesiologiur da esqatologiur evqaristiis Semcvelobas. es locva avlens da gviwyalobebs Cven TviT ziarebis arss, _ arss qristes sxeulisas da qristeSi axali cxovrebisas. magram Cven barZimTan misaaxleblad, mogvixmoben ara SemTxveviT da ganmeorebaTa siyvaruliT, ara pirdapir, aramed winaswar vemzadebiT ziarebisaTvis am gasaocari locvebis saSualebiT, TiTqos vanelebT evqaristiis ritms. is ki araa mizani, rom Cven kidev erTxel zedmetad gamovxatoT sinanuli da movemzadoT siwmindis SesaWmelad, aramed is, rom mTeli sisavsiT aRsruldes, gamovlindes eklesia, rogorc sasufevlis saidumlo, rogorc realoba axali drois da axali cxovrebis.

a. Smemani locvas uwodebs kosmiuri Suamdgomlobisas  da amis dasturad moaqvs locvis konkretuli citata:

 `momxeden Cven sitkboebiTa SeniTa, ufalo, gamogviCndi Cven mdidarTa mier wyalobaTa SenTa: keTilad Sezavebulni da margebelni haerni mogvmadlen Cven, wvimani mSvidobisani qveyanasa nayofierebad moaniWen, akurTxe gvirgvini weliwadisa sitkboebiTa SeniTa~

Semdeg locvis eklesiologiur funqcias xsnis:

`daacxrve ganxeTqileba eklesiaTa, daSriten aRZrvani warmarTTani, wvalebaTa zeda aRmdgomni moswrafebiT daarRvien ZaliTa sulisa Senisa wmindisaTa~.

da bolos, locvis esqatologiur daniSnulebis asaxsnelad moyavs citata:

  `Cven yovelni Semiwyalen sasufevelsa Sensa, Zed naTlisad da Zed dRisad gamogvaCinen, Seni mSvidobaÁ da Seni siyvaruli mommadlen Cven ufalo, RmerTo, Cveno, rameTu yovelive momage Cven~. \

ase rom, samyaro, eklesia, sasufeveli, yoveli RmrTis qmnileba, erTi piriT da erTi guliT, erTad ganadideben da ugaloben mamis da Zis da suliwmindis uwmindes saxels, aw da maradis da ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin. ai arsi am udidesi damamTavrebeli locvisa, ai, evqaristiis bolo vedreba, Semomkrebeli RmrTis karvis garSemo. qristesTanaa _ mTeli sulieri samyaro, dawyebuli RvTismSobelisagan da wmindanTagan, dasrulebuli yovliTurT, rameTu is aris yoveliveSi da masSia yovelive.

yoveli evqaristiis aRsrulebisas Cven mowodebuli varT SevicnoT da SeviTvisoT is, raSic unda STaveflaT mTeli Cveni cnobierebiT, mTeli siyvaruliT, mTeli surviliT. manam, sanam miveaxlebiT `Cven ukvdav meufesa da RmerTs...~

                                 VI

sinamdvileSi, mxolod axla, saSuamdgomlo locvis aRsrulebis Semdeg, gadavdivarT im fazaSi, romelsac zemoT vuwodeT individualuri mzadeba ziarebisaTvis: ese igi iwyeba ziarebisaTvis mzadeba ara mTeli krebulis, ara mTeli eklesiis, aramed vedreba TiToeuli Cvenganis piradi ganwmendisaTvis:

`...raTa wmidiTa mowmobiTa svindisisa CvenisaTa, Semwynarebelni nawilsa siwmindeTa SenTasa, SeveerTneT wmindasa xorcsa da sisxlsa qristes Senisasa, da RirsebiT SemwynarebelTa amaT, gvaqvndes qriste damkvidrebulad gulTa Sina CvenTa, da viqmnneT taZar sulisa Senisa wmindisa. he, RmerTo Cveno, da nuca erTsa Cvengansa Tanamdeb hyof SesaZrwunebelisa amis da zecaTa saidumloÁsa Senisa, nuca uZlur suliTa da xorciTa uRirsebiT miRebisa misisaTvis: aramed momec Cven vidre ukanasknelad aRmofSvinvad Cvendamde, RirsebiT Sewynarebad sasoebasa siwmideTa SenTasa, sagzlad cxovrebisa saukunoÁsa, sityvisgebad micvalulad, winaSe saSinelisa samsjavroÁsa qristes Senisa, raTa Cvenca yovelTa Tana wmindaTa, saukuniTgan saTnoyofilTa SenTa, viqmnneT ziarad saukuneTa keTilTa, romelni ganumzaden moyvareTa SenTa, ufalo~.

rogorc vxedavT, yuradReba gadadis mTeli eklesiis TviTmomzadebidan eklesiis yoveli wevris pirad mzadebaze. wminda mociquli pavle wers korinTelebs: `...raodengzis sWamdeT pursa amas da sumideT sasmelsa amas, sikudilsa uflisasa miuTxrobdiT, vidremdis movides~ (1 kor. 11. 26).

`amieriTgan, romeli Wamdes pursa amas da sumides sasmelsa amas uRirsebiT, Tanamdeb ars igi xorcsa da sisxlsa uflisasa, gamo-Ra-icaden kacman Tavi Tvisi da esreT purisa misgan Wamen da sasmelisa misgan sun. xolo romeli araRirsad Wamdes da sumides, dasasjelad Tavisa Tvisisa Wams da suams, rameTu ara gamoikiTxna xorcni uflisani. amisTvis mraval arian Tqven Soris uZlur da sneul da wvanan mravalni. rameTu ukueTumca TavTa TvisTa ganvikiTxevdiT, aramca ganvikiTxeniT. xolo gan-Tu-vikiTxviT uflisa mier ganviswavlebiT, raÁTa ara soflisa Tana davisajeniT~ (1 kor. 11. 27-32).

ar SeiZleba raime eWvis Setana imaSi, rom adrindeli qristianebis sulier cxovrebaSi saerTo aZlierebda piraduls, xolo piraduli SeuZlebeli iyo saerTos gareSe. magram maSindeli aRqma saerTosi da piradulis didad gansxvavdeba axlandelisagan. pavle mociquli amxels da gansjiT emuqreba im morwmune qristianebs, romlebic araRirsad eziarebodnen. is maT mouwodebs sakuTari Tavis gankiTxvisaken, magram arasodes ar sTavazobs maT arCevans: `Tqven Rirsqmnilni eziareT, mxolod Tqven uRirsebma Tavi SeikaveT~. arCevanma, romelmac eklesiis didi nawili TandaTanobiT ziarebisagan TavSekavebamde miiyvana, daukarga mas evqaristiis, rogorc saerTo krebiTi saqmis, liturgiis gancdis unari. da TiTqos TavSekavebis grZnobac daiSrita, gamoifita, gadaiqca Tavisebur disciplinirebul daniSnulebad `weliwadSi oTxjer~(!) - savaldebulo aRsarebis TanxlebiT, rogorc erTgvari bileTi ziarebisaTvis.

adreulma eklesiam icoda, rom qmnilebaTa Soris aravin aris Rirsi Tavisi sulieri miRwevebiT, Tavisi `RirsebiT~ Tanaeziaros qristes sisxls da xorcs. amis gamo momzadeba Sedgeba ara `momzadebulebisa~ da `aramomzadebulebis~ gadaTvlaSi da analizSi, aramed siyvarulis wil siyvaruliTve migebaSi. locvis Tanaxmad, _ `da Cvenc yovelTa wmidaTaTana, romelni saukuniTgan saTno geyvnen Sen, viqnebiT monawileni Sens maradiul keTildReobaSi, romeli ganumzade moyvareTa SenTa, ufalo.~ winamZRvris mowodebaSi, `wminda ars ufali RmerTi Cveni~! eklesia pasuxobs _ `erT ars wminda, arT ars ufali, ieso qriste sadidebelad RmrTisa mamisa, amin~. rodesac amtkicebda, warmoTqvamda ra am aRiarebas, icoda, rom yvelasaTvis xsnilia kari `sanukvar mamulSi~  da rom ar iqneba ganyofa maT Soris.

amis gamo es momzadeba mTavrdeba erToblivi, saerTo  da piradi _ sauflo locviT, locviT, romelic mogveca TviT ieso qristes mier. radgan sabolod, yovelive damokidebulia erT rameze,_ SegviZlia Tu ara Cven, `gvsurs Tu ara Cven~ mTeli Cveni arsebiT, miuxedavad yoveli Cveni naklovanebisa, dacemulobisa, Ralatisa, sizarmacisa, miviRoT am locvis sityvebi rogorc sakuTari, visurvoT isini rom gaxdnen Cveni:

,,wminda iyavn saxeli Seni,

movedin sufeva Seni, iyavn neba Seni,

viTarca caTa Sina, egreca qveyanasa zeda...”

VII

bolo dros marTlmadideblur eklesiaSi TiTqos aRiniSneba evqaristiis aRorZineba, romelic upirveles yovlisa sul ufro meti eriskacis mier xSiri ziarebis survilSi gamoixateba. es aRorZineba sxvadasxvagvarad xdeba sxvadasxva adgilsa da kulturaSi, magram, rarig sasixarulo ar unda iyos es, mas bevri saSiSroeba emuqreba. yvelaze mTavari saSiSroeba mdgomareobs eklesiis Rrmad `sakralizaciaSi~. saxelmwifoebTan da imperiebTan Tavisi saukunovani arsebobis ganmavlobaSi eklesia Tavad gadaiqca organizaciad, morwmuneTa `sulier saWiroebaTa~ momsaxure institutad. erTi mxriv, am `saWiroebebisadmi~ damorCilebul, meore mxriv ki maT ganmsazRvrel da maTiT mmarTvel organod.

 eklesiis WeSmariti aRorZineba daiwyeba evqaristiuli aRorZinebiT, mxolod am sityvis sruli mniSvnelobiT. tragikuli naklia marTlmadideblobis istoriaSi da ara mxolod naklovaneba, aramed  saerTod ar arseboba saidumlos Sesaxeb RvTismetyvelebisa, misi dayvana dasavlur sqemebamde da azrTa kategoriebamde. eklesia organizacia ki ar aris, aramed is aris axali saRmrTo eri. eklesia sakulto religia ki ar aris, aramed _ liturgia, _ momcveli RmrTis yoveli qmnilebisa, eklesia saiqio cxovrebaze swavleba ki ar aris, aramed  sasixarulo Sexvedra RmerTTan sasufevelSi. is aris saidumlo mSvidobisa, saidumlo gadarCenisa da saidumlo qristes gamefebisa.

aleqsandre Smemani saWirod Tvlis evqaristiis ramdenime sakiTxze  aqcentis gakeTebeas, romlebic upiratesad `teqnikuri~ Tanmimdevrobisaa, `sakulto~, am sityvis pirdapiri gagebiT. misi Sinaarsi sasurveli sisavsiT gadmosca arqimandritma kvipriane kernma, ramdenadac masSi aisaxa is naklovanebebi, romelTa Sesaxeb Cven zemoT mogviwia saubari. avtors unda Seajamos isini yvelaze mTavar sakiTxebSi.

misi azriT, pirveli naklovaneba - es aris simboloebis siWarbe. saubaria alegoriuli xasiaTis simboloebze. RmrTismsaxurebaSi yoveli moqmedebisaTvis gansakuTrebuli azris miniWebaze, xelovnurad imis gamosaxviT, rasac isini ar warmoadgenen.

ai, magaliTad _ `diakoni moirTveba orariT, TiTqos rogorc frTebiT da aRivseba mowiwebiT da morCilebiT, rodesac eziareba, hbaZavs ra amiT serafimebs, romelTac, rogorc naTqvamia aqvT eqvsi frTa, romelTagan oriT ifaraven fexebs, oriT saxes, oriT frenen da Tan galoben `wminda ars, wminda ars, wminda ars...~!

meore naklovanebas a. Smemani xedavs: ziarebis dros sasuliero pirebisa da eris xalxs Soris ganyofaSi, romelic tragikulia Tavisi SedegebiT saeklesio cnobierebisaTvis, romelzec Cven ukve araerTgzis gvqonda saubari.

rac Seexeba evqaristias, Seexeba agreTve eklesias, da rac Seexeba eklesias _ Seexeba agreTve evqaristias. yoveli seni liturgiisa aisaxeba sarwmunoebaze da eklesiis mTel cxovrebaze. avtoris azriT, Cven `jvris garSemo mdgomma~ morwmune qristianebma unda vilocoT gulmxurvaled RmerTis winaSe, raTa gangvinaTlos Sinagani xedva wmindaTa Soris uwmindesi saidumlos naTelsxivosani ubraloebiT.

VIII

saRmrTo liturgiis  bolos, mRvdeli akurTxevs ra trapezs barZimiT, ambobs: `acxovne RmerTo eri Seni da akurTxe samkvidrebeli Seni~. mobrundeba mRvdeli wminda trapezisken, samjer akmevs da RaRadebs: `amaRldi caTa Sina RmerTo da yovelsa qveyanasa zeda ars dideba Seni~. mrevli pasuxobs: `naTeli WeSmariti vixileT, zecaTa suli

moviReT, vpoveT sarwmunoeba WeSmariti, da ganuyofelsa samebasa Tayvanis-vscemT, rameTu man gvacxovna Cven~. mRvdels moaqvs trapezidan barZimi. aResruleba  mcire kvereqsi, mcire madlobis Sewirva imisTvis, rom am dResac Rirsgvyo RmerTma Tavis zeciur saidumloTa miRebisa:

`gaaswore Cveni gzebi

dagvamtkicen Cven SiSsa Sina Sensa,

daicev Cveni cxovreba...~

amas kvlav mosdevs: `mSvidobiT warvideT~ _ am  locvebSi aisaxeba  erToba mRvdlisa da eriskacTa. mRvdeli erTnairad avedrebs, rogorc Tavis Tavs, ise mrevls. 

yovelive gasagebia, ubralo da naTelia, yovelive sisavsiTaa aRvsili, sixaruliTaa ganmsWvaluli da ganaTlebuli.

      Cven movdivarT cxovrebaSi, rom davamowmoT da aRvasruloT Cveni mowodeba. is yovel adamians piradi aqvs da amasTan aris yoveli Cvenganis saerTo msaxureba, saerTo liturgia _ `ziarebis erTian sulSi~. – wers mRvdeli aleqsandr Smemani.

swavleba imis Sesaxeb, rom ganuwyvetliv

unda veziarebodeT qristes wminda saidumlos

ufalma  ieso qristem, vidre ziarebas mogvcemda, gvamcno: `...puri, romeli me mivsce, xorci Cemi ars, romelsa me mivscem cxovrebisaTvis soflisa~. (ioan 6. 51); saRmrTo ziareba morwmuneTa sulieri da qristesmieri cxovrebis aucilebeli Semadgeneli nawilia; xolo sulieri da qristesmieri cxovreba arasodes unda ganeldes, ar unda Sewydes (rogorc amas mociquli gvibrZanebs: `sulsa nu daiviwyebT~ (Tesal. 5. 19), igi mudmivi da ganuwyveteli unda iyos, raTa cocxlebi ukve sakuTari TavisTvis ki aRar cocxlobdnen, aramed maTTvis momkvdarisa da aRdgomilisaTvis (imave mociqulis sityvisaebr,(2. kor. 5. 15); sxvanairad rom vTqvaT, morwmuneebma TavianTi piradi xorcieli cxovrebiT ki aRar unda icxovron, aramed ieso qristes cxovrebiT _ romelic mokvda da aRdga CvenTvis, anu qristesmieri cxovrebisaTvis, xolo Tuki qristesmieri cxovreba mudmivi da ganuwyvetelia, aqedan ueWvelad gamomdinareobs, rom mudmivi da ganuwyveteli unda iyos, isic, rac mis ganuyofel nawils Seadgens _ anu saRmrTo ziareba.

da kidev, sxva adgilas macxovari brZanebs: `amin, amin getyvi Tqven: ukeTu ara sWamoT xorci Zisa kacisaÁ da suaT sisxli misi, ara gaqundes cxovrebaÁ TavTa Soris TqvenTa~ (ioan 6.53). am sityvebidan naTlad Cans, rom qristianisaTvis saRmrTo ziareba imdenadve aucilebelia, ramdenadac aucilebelia wminda naTlisReba, rameTu is ormagi brZaneba, romelic naTlisRebasTan dakavSirebiT warmoTqva ieso qristem, warmoTqva ziarebasTan dakavSirebiTac. naTlisRebis Sesaxeb man Tqva: `amin, amin, getyvi Sen: ukeTu vinme ara iSves wylisagan da sulisa ver xelewifebis Sesvlad sasufevlisa RmrTisasa~ (ioan 3,5). xolo ziarebis Sesaxeb Tqva: `amin, amin getyvi Tqven: ukeTu ara sWamoT xorci Zisa kacisaÁ da suaT sisxli misi, ara gaqundes cxovrebaÁ TavTa Soris TqvenTa~. maSasadame, rogorc naTlisRebis gareSe SeuZlebelia sulieri cxovreba da caTa sasufevlis damkvidreba, aseve SeuZlebelia sulieri cxovreba saRmrTo ziarebis gareSe; xolo raki es ori saidumlo erTmaneTisagan imiT gansxvavdeba, rom naTlisReba mxolod erTxel aResruleba, ziareba ki mudmivad da yoveldRiurad, aqedan gamomdinare Tavisuflad SeiZleba davaskvnaT, rom saRmrTo ziareba Seicavs or aucilebel pirobas, _ pirveli: is unda aResrulebodes. da meore: unda aResrulebodes ganuwyvetliv.

amasTan, rodesac ieso qriste Tavis mowafeebs ziarebis saidumlos aZlevda, mas rCevis saxiT ar uTqvams: `visac surs, Wamos Cemi xorci da visac surs, svas Cemi sisxlio~,  rogorc, magaliTad, Tqva: `romelsa hnebavs Semodgomad Cemda...~ (maTe 16,24), an `ukeTu gnebavs, raÁTa srul iyo...~ (maTe 19,21); aramed brZanebis saxiT Tqva: `miiReT da sWameT, ese ars xorci Cemi~. da _ `suT amisagan yovelTa, ese ars sisxli Cemi~. (maTe 26,26-28); anu Tqven aucileblad unda WamoT Cemi xorci da aucileblad unda svaT Cemi sisxlio; agreTve Tqva: `amas hyofdiT mosaxsenebelad Cemda~ (luka 22,19). e.i. _ es unda gaakeTo ara erTxel, orjer, an samjer, aramed yoveldRiurad, rogorc amas RvTaebrivi oqropiri ganmartavs. raTa ixseniebdeT mis vnebebs, mis sikvdils da mis mier kacobriobis gamoxsnis saidumlos.

ieso qristes es sityvebi naTlad warmogvidgens ziarebis saidumlos or aucilebel mxares. pirveli miuTiTebs brZanebis valdebulebaze, romelic Cans am sityvebSi, xolo meore _ sixSireze, romelsac gamoxatavs sityva `hyofdiT~. aqedan gamomdinare, Cven gvevaleba ara mxolod ziareba, aramed ganuwyveteli ziareba.

Tu yuradRebiT mivadevnebT Tvals saRmrTo liturgiis msvlelobas, ueWvelad SevniSnavT, rom is Tavidan bolomde miznad isaxavs eklesiaSi Sekrebil morwmuneTa ziarebas da amasve miuTiTebs mTeli Tavisi msvlelobis manZilze, rasac cxadhyofs mRvdelmsaxurebis dros warmoTqmuli mravali sityva, mRvdlis saidumlo locvebi, sagaloblebi da saerTod, mTeli mRvdelmoqmedeba da wesi liturgiisa. moviyvanT ramdenime magaliTs.

locva morwmuneTa, meore: ,,moec maT yovladve, SiSiT da siyvaruliT msaxurTa SenTa, ubralod da dausjelad miRebad wmidaTa SenTa saidumloTa~.

locva, romelic mosdevs msxverplSewirvas: ,,raiTa eqmnes mimRebelTa gansafrTxobelad sulisa, misateveblad codvaTa~. anu, raTa es wmida ZRveni morwmune maziareblebs eqmnes sulis gansawmendelad da codvaTa misateveblad~.

,,Tu kargad davfiqrdebiT, imasac SevniSnavT, rom `qerubimTas~ sagalobelic, romelsac xalxi galobs, ziarebisTvis mzadebas warmoadgens, rameTu masSi naTqvamia: `modiT, Cven yvelam, vinc saidumlod mivemsgavseT mravalTvala qerubimebs, da samwmida sagalobels SevwiravT cxovelmyofel samebas, ganviwmindoT goneba amsofliuri zrunvisa da SfoTisagan, rameTu sakuTar sulSi unda SeviwynaroT da unda veziaroT yovelTa meufes, romelsac angelosTa wesni uxilavad gars axvevian~.

`zemoTqmul mizans emsaxureba uflis locvac, romelic msxverplSewirvis Semdeg ikiTxeba, rameTu am locvaSi qristianebi SesTxoven RmerTs purs arsobisas, puri arsobisa ki, umTavresad, wminda ziarebas niSnavs~.

`da TviT es sityvebic _ Κoινονια (ziareba) da Συναξις (kreba), romelsac umetes SemTxvevaSi `liturgiis~ mniSvnelobiT xmaroben, garkveulwilad xSiri ziarebis aucileblobaze mianiSnebs. Koinonia da Sunacij xom imas niSnavs, rom qristes xorcsa da sisxlTan ziarebis meSveobiT yvela morwmune Seikribeba da erTiandeba qristes mier, qmnis masTan erTad erT sxeuls da erT suls~.

`...gana cxadze ucxadesi ar aris, rom is qristianebi, romlebic liturgiaze modian, movaleni arian xSirad eziaron? gana valad ar awevT maT amis gakeTeba, raTa warmoCndes liturgia, rogorc ziareba Κoινονια, kreba Συναξις da trapezi da qristianebi imis uarismyofelni da gardamaqcevelni ar aRmoCndnen, risic swamT da rasac aRiareben? xolo Tuki amas ar akeTeben _ anu ar eziarebian, rogorc es TviT maTgan SevityveT, maSin vSiSob, rom swored gardamaqcevelni arian isini. amitom me ukve aRar vici, aqvs Tu ara am xalxs raime wesi, kanoni da marTebulia Tu ara is, rom maT mRvdeli mouwodebdes? uadgilo xom ar aris am SemTxvevaSi misi mowodeba, an wirvis sxva sityvebi, an saerTod, mTeli mRvdelmoqmedeba da wesi liturgiisa? rameTu yvela, rogorc erTi, ganze dgeba da qristianTagan aravin moiZebneba iseTi, vinc liturgiis wes-gangebasa da mRvdlis, an ukeT rom vTqvaT, RmrTis mowodebas damorCildeboda da ziarebas miiRebda. ara, TiToeuli maTgani carieli xelebiT Sordeba siwmindes, axlosac ki ar ekareba mas~.

`dafiqrdi, ramxela gulmodgineba hqondaT imaT, vinc Zveli aRTqmis msxverplSewirvidan Wamda, _ Segvagonebs wminda ioane oqropiri _ ras aRar akeTebdnen isini! ra Rones aRar xmarobdnen! ganuwyvetliv ganiwmindavdnen Tavs. Sen ki im msxverpls mieaxlebi, romlis winaSe angelozebic ki Zrwian da mxolod SigadaSig ganwmendas sjerdebi~.

`...gesmis diakonis xma? _ ganagrZobs wminda mama _ igi dgas da RaRadebs: `Tqven, vinc monanulTa ricxvs ekuTvniT, evedreT RmerTs, raTa SegindoT~. is, vinc ar eziareba, jer kidev monanulTa ricxvs ekuTvnis. maS ase, raRas dgaxar? Tu monanulTa ricxvSi xar, maSin, cxadia, Seni ziareba ar SeiZleba; xolo vinc ar eziareba, is monanulTa ricxvSia. visTvis xmobs diakoni: `visac locva ar SegiZliaT, ganvediT!~ Sen ki Tavxedurad dgaxar! Tu monanulTa ricxvs ar ekuTvni, anu imaT ricxvSi xar, visac ziarebis ufleba aqvs, maSin ratom ar zrunav imisTvis, rom eziaro? an iqneb RvTis did wyalobad ar miiCnev ziarebas, arafrad agdeb mas?~

`...yoveli liturgiis dros qriste modis da naxulobs, vin zis trapezze; yvelas esaubreba da yvelas TavTavisi sindisis mixedviT ekiTxeba: `megobaro, rogor dgaxar aq [eklesiaSi] saqorwino Sesamoslis gareSe?~ gana amas ekiTxeba: `ratom dajeqi trapezze?~ ara, sanam dajdebodes, manamde eubneba, rom aq Semosvlis Rirsic ki ar aris, mas xom ar uTqvams: `ratom dajeqi?~, aramed: ,,rogor Semoxvedi?~

`da ai, axlac amasve gvekiTxeba qriste yvelas, vinc Tavxedurad da usircxvilod vdgavarT taZarSi. rameTu is, vinc wminda saidumlos ar eziareba, swored rom usircxvilod da Tavxedurad dgas. amitomac [diakvnebi] pirvel rigSi codvaSi myof qristianebs uSveben gareT~.

`roca gaigeb xmas: `vilocoT yvelam erTobiT~, da dainaxav rom iReba sakurTxevlis kari, maSin uwyode, rom ixsneba zeca da iqidan angelozebi gadmodian. am dros ki aRaravin unda darCes taZarSi, rogorc mounaTlavi,  aseve arawminda da mwikvlevani~.

`miTxari, vinme rom trapezze yofiliyo miwveuli _ ganagrZobs RmrTaebrivi oqropiri _ mosuliyo iq, xelebi daebana, sufras misjdomoda da saWmelad gamzadebuliyo, magram mere piri arafrisTvis daekarebina, nuTu amiT ar gaanawyenebda imas, vinc igi trapezze miiwvia? gana umjobesi ar iqneboda, saerTod ar misuliyo? aseve Senc, moxvedi trapezze, igalobe sxvebTan erTad, aRiare rom Rirseuli xar (raki uRirsebTan erTad ar gaxvedi), amis Semdeg ki, miTxari, rogorRa SegiZlia idge wirvaze da am trapezisgan ar eziaro?

`gesmis, Zmao, ras ambobs eklesiis es didi moZRvari (wm. ioane oqropiri)? _ rom is, visac araferi uSlis xels, moemzados ziarebisaTvis. magram Tu ar moemzadeba, liturgiaze daswrebis Rirsic ki ar aris? ra pasuxs aZlev amaze? albaT, ityvi: raki asea, saerTod aRar mival liturgiaze. ara, Zmao Cemo, ara, amis uflebac ara gaqvs, vinaidan aseT SemTxvevaSi gankveTiT gemuqreba V msoflio kreba, romelic ambobs: ,,Tu vinme episkoposi, mRvdeli, diakoni an samRvdeloebis sxva warmomadgeneli, an eriskaci, romelsac ar aiZulebdes raime gaWirveba an marcxiani saqme, mravali dRis ganmavlobaSi daakldes eklesias, qalaqSi trialebdes sam kviras da am sami Svideulis (kviris) ganmavlobaSi ar mivides eklesiaSi, Tu eklesiis msaxuri iyos, ganikveTos, xolo Tu eriskaci iyos, ziarebis ufleba ar mieces~. `amasve ganawesebs sardikiis wminda adgilobrivi krebis meTerTmete kanoni~.

`maS ase, sayvarelo, Sen gankveTiT gemuqreba saeklesio kreba, Tuki erTdroulad orives ar aRasruleb, anu, _ ar dadixar liturgiaze da, ramdenadac SegiZlia, ar cdilob moemzado ziarebisaTvis. ufleba ar geZleva, an erTi daarRvio, an meore. vinaidan, Tuki amas ar arRvev, es niSnavs, rom xelSeuxeblad icav yvela saidumlo mRvdelmoqmedebas da ar Ralatob im wess, romelic eklesiam miiRo TviT macxovrisagan, mociqulebisagan, krebebisagan da wmindanebisagan. es wesi ki SemdegSi mdgomareobs: wminda puri unda danawildes yovel liturgiaze da is morwmuneebi, romelTac xels araferi uSliT, unda movidnen saziareblad~.

`rogorc svimeon Tesalonikeli aRniSnavs, ,,saRmrTo liturgia _ es aris msaxureba, romlis mizania TviT ieso qristes wminda xorcisa da sisxlis mRvdelmoqmedeba da misi micema yoveli morwmunisTvis; da amitom, rogorc aseTi, is miznad isaxavs mxolod da mxolod ziarebas~.

`brZeni iobi, romelsac wminda foti Tavis `biblioTekarSi~ moixsenebs, wignSi  `saidumlos Sesaxeb~, gvamcnobs: `mTeli saRmrTo msaxurebis azri siwmindis ziarebaSia, rameTu misi [liturgiis] mizani, daniSnuleba da saqme cxovelmyofeli da saSineli saidumlos ziarebaa~.

,,gabriel filadelfieli Tavis wignSi _ `saidumlos Sesaxeb~ Semdegs ambobs: `im cocxlebs, romlebic liturgiaze saRmrTo saidumlos ar eziarebian, gaugebaria, rogor mianiWebs RmerTi ganwmendas. wminda kavasila ambobs, rom ar mianiWebs. da, ai, isev mas mousmine: `Tu adamianebi momzadebulebi arian ziarebisTvis, xolo yovelTa ganmwmendeli da yvelafris aRmsrulebeli ufali mudam mzadaa maT gansawmendad da uyvars sakuTari Tavis maTTvis micema, maSin ra SeiZleba win aRudges ziarebas? _ ra Tqma unda, araferi. magram SesaZloa vinmem ikiTxos: Tu cocxali adamiani Tavis sulSi im sikeTeebs flobs, romelzec Tqven isaubreT, magram wminda saidumlos ar mieaxleba, nuTu, amisda miuxedavad, aRsrulebuli liturgiis madli ar ganswmends mas?~ am SekiTxvas ase vpasuxobT: ganwmendas yvela ver miiRebs, aramed mxolod is, vinc fizikurad ver SeZlo mosvla _ magaliTad, micvalebulTa sulebi, xolo visac SeuZlia mieaxlos trapezs, raTa ganiwmindos misgan, magram ar mieaxleba, aseTi adamianis ganwmenda sruliad SeuZlebelia, _ ara mxolod imitom, rom ar mieaxleba, aramed imis gamo, rom SeuZlia mieaxlos, magram ar akeTebs amas~. anu, araferi uSlis xels, mieaxlos, magram udebebis gamo ar mieaxleba~.

`...saRmrTo ziareba, Tu davukvirdebiT, TavisTavad aRZravs morwmune adamianSi imis survils, rom gamudmebiT ganicdides misiT tkbobas, rameTu ziareba, meti rom araferi vTqvaT, adamianis sulis Semadgeneli nawilia. vnaxoT, ras niSnavs es.”

,,sqolastikosi RmrTismetyvelebi Semadgenel nawilad miiCneven sagans, romlis gareSe SeuZlebelia arsebobdes is, rac arsebobs. ase magaliTad: adamianis fizikuri sicocxlis Semadgenel nawils warmoadgens sunTqva, vinaidan sunTqvis gareSe SeuZlebelia arseboba. aseve sxeulis SemadgenlobisTvis aucilebelia kveba. da ai, rogorc xSiri sunTqva aucilebelia sicocxlisaTvis, xolo kveba _ sxeulis SemadgenlobisaTvis, aseve aucilebelia xSiri ziareba sulis sicocxlisaTvis. an ukeT rom vTqvaT, gacilebiT da Seudareblad ufro metad aucilebelic.”

`monazoni iob aRmsarebeli ambobs: `Tu wminda ziarebas Seexeba saubari, vityodi, rom patiosani da marTali qristianisaTvis kargia, samarTliani da bunebrivi, xSirad ganiwmindebodes da mieaxlebodes am siwmindes, da swyurodes igi ufro metad, vidre adamians sunTqva swyuria. amitomac, TiToeul morwmunes ufleba eZleva ganuwyvetliv eziarebodes. is ki ara, Rirseulebs, Tu moaxerxeben, SeuZliaT yoveldRe eziaron~.

`konstantinepolis patriarqi genadi sakmaod gonivrulad ayalibebs azrs imis Sesaxeb, Tu ramdenad aucilebelia qristianisTvis wminda ziareba. `saidumlo”, _ ambobs igi, _ axlac Seeweva Tavis Tanaziarebs imaSi, rom icxovron qristes mcnebebiT. rasac sxeulisTvis akeTebs saidumlo Tavisi xiluli nawilis meSveobiT [anu purisa da Rvinis meSveobiT], imasve akeTebs igi sulisaTvis  uxilavad da saidumlod; rameTu xorci qristesi asazrdoebs da ganamtkicebs suls _ iseve, rogorc puri _ sxeuls. rogorc naTlisReba ganacocxlebs adamians da codvismieri yofis sanacvlod madlismier yofas mianiWebs, aseve, rodesac Cven ziarebis saidumloTi vsazrdoobT, vimyofebiT madlSi da vaRwevT warmatebas. rogorc sxeulis bunebrivi simxurvale STanTqavs sxeulisave damaxasiaTebel sinotives, Tuki mas sakvebs ar mivawvdiT, (saWmeliTa da sasmeliT sxeuli kargad inarCunebs Tavis Sedgenilobas da daibrunebs im sinotives, romelic misgan simxurvalem ganagdo; adamianis sicocxlis SenarCuneba sxvagvarad SeuZlebelia) aseve borotebis simxurvale Signidan gamoWams suls, ganagdebs misgan keTilkrZalulebas da sruliad gaanadgurebda mas, adamiani im sulier sazrdos rom ar iRebdes, romelic win aRudgeba gamxrwnel borot Zalas da ganaaxlebs da zrdis CvenSi sulier niWebs.

`rodesac Cvili ibadeba, igi tiris da mTeli gulmodginebiT iTxovs rZes; xolo Tuki mada ara aqvs da ar Wams, es imas niSnavs, rom is avadaa da sikvdilis saSiSroebis winaSe dgas. aseTi gulmodginebiT unda gvindodes Cvenc sulieri sazrdelis _ wminda ziarebis miReba, raTa ganvcxoveldeT; xolo Tuki ar gvinda, es imas niSnavs, rom sulieri sikvdilis saSiSroebis winaSe vdgavarT~.

`gjerodes, rom wminda ziareba ara mxolod sikvdilisagan gixsnis, aramed sneulebebisganac gagaTavisuflebs. rameTu, rodesac qriste CvenSi Semodis, igi miaZinebs sxeulis bunebriv mRelvarebas da acxovelebs krZalvas RmrTisadmi, xolo vnebebs spobs~.

`ziarebis Semdeg, rodesac qristiani kargad gaiazrebs, Tu ra saSinel zeciur saidumlos eziara, is cdilobs, arafriT Seuracxyos RmrTaebrivi madli, amitomac ufro yuradRebiani xdeba sakuTari Tavis mimarT, ufrTxis arawminda azrebs, SeikrZalavs gulissityvebs, iwyebs ufro mkacr, keTilkrZalul cxovrebas da ramdenadac Zala Seswevs, gaurbis borotebas; xolo roca imasac gaiazrebs, rom ramdenime dRis Semdeg isev unda eziaros, kidev ufro aZlierebs yuradRebas, mzadyofnas mzadyofnaze amatebs, TavSekavebas _ TavSekavebaze, da ase, ramdenadac SeuZlia, moRvaweobs; is xom TiTqos ormag SezRudvas ganicdis: erTi mxriv imiT, rom sul axlaxan eziara, meore mxriv ki imiT, male isev rom unda eziaros~.

amitomac, axlave unda SevinanoT, vidre Jami moiweodes. unda movikveToT satanuri survilebi, adamianuri gadmocemebis nacvlad RmrTis mcnebebi aRvasruloT da saTanadod momzadebulebi, xSirad veziaroT ieso qristes xorcsa da sisxls, raTa, misi meSveobiT, ganvmtkicdeT saRmrTo madlSi, xolo amgvarad ganmtkicebulni, dae yoveldRe aRvasrulebdeT RmrTis nebas am sofelSi, RmrTis keTil nebas, saxiers da sruls, iseve, rogorc zecaSi mas angelozebi aRasruleben. da Tuki vinme sasuliero pirTagan xels SegviSlis, SegvewinaaRmdegeba RmrTis nebis aRsrulebaSi, mivmarToT yvelanair xerxs, vevedroT mas mxurvale cremlebiT, vevedroT manamde, vidre ar daviyoliebT da uflebas ar gamovsTxovT; raTa Rirsi gavxdeT Cvens gulSi suliwmidis beWdis miRebisa da dausrulebelad RmrTis didebisa _ amis sruli SegrZnebiTa da SemecnebiT, da raTa aqac, amqveynad da im sofelSic angelozebTan da wmindanebTan erTad ganvadidoT mama da Ze da suli wmida _ erTi RmerTi samebiT da sameba erTobiT, ganusazRvrelad srulyofili, ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin.

raTa ara sasjelad, gina dasasjelad gveqmnes ziareba wmindaTa SenTa saidumloTa

eklesia, romlis Tavi da winamZRvari aris ieso qriste, mogviwodebs uwyveti ziarebisaken. mogviwodebs, raTa cxovrebis wesad vaqcioT ufalTan yofnis survili, romelic maSin agvisruldeba, rodesac locviT, marxviT, sinanuliT da simdabliT miveaxlebiT uflis wminda ZRvens. `SiSi da sarwmunoeba, es grZnobebi, eklesiis swavlebiT, aucileblad unda aRavsebdnen saRmrTo bunebasTan maziarebelTa sulebs.~- gvarigebs wm. mama ioane oqropiri. aseT dros sauflo sisxli da xorci CvenTvis xdeba wyaro saukuno cxovrebisa da dausrulebeli sixarulisa. xolo Tu Seunaneblad, kadnierebiT da uRirsad miviRebT am siwmindes, maSin ieso qristes wminda ZRveni CvenTvis iqceva sasjelad da saukuno satanjvelad. `romeli Cvengani izams, rom Zvirfasi samosi WuWyian da myral wyalSi Cayaros?~ - kiTxulobs net. avgustine - `gabedavT, rom macxovris Zvirfasi sisxli codviT savse gulSi miiRoT? cudia wminda saidumlosTan ganSoreba, magram uRirsad ziareba _ uaresi~

`... xorc ars ukuve da sisxl qristesa da daicavs agebulebasa amas sulisa da xorcTa CvenTasa,~  brZanebs wm. ioane damaskeli, - `ara ganilevis, arca ganixrwnebis, arca gansvlad miiwevis, nu iyofin! aramed dasacvelad da simtkice iqmnebis arsebisa Cvenisa da uCino-myofel Cvengan vnebaTa, xolo TviT-Seuxebel yovlisagan vnebisa. ukueTu oqroi miiRos Sereuli, ganmrCeveliTa miT gamoxurvebiTa ganswmends, raÁTa ara mermesa mas saukunesa soflisa amis Tana davisajneT, rameTu ganswmends romelTame senTa SemTxveviTa da sxvaTa pirad-piradiTa gansacdeliTa, viTarca ityvis saRmrToi mociquli, viTarmed: `ukeTumca TavTa CuenTa ganvikiTxevdiT, aramca ganvikiTxeniT, xolo gan-Tu-vikiTxviT raÁ, uflisa mier ganviswavlebiT, raiTa ara soflisa Tana davisajneT~ (I kor. 11-31-32)..[27]

`xolo romeli araRirsad Wamdes da smides, dasasjelad Tavisa Tvisisa Wams da suams, rameTu ara gamoikiTxna xorcni uflisani~ (I kor. 11,29). ara bunebiT damsjel ars ganmacxovelebeli igi saidumloÁ _ brZanebs wm. ioane oqropiri, _ aramed uRirsebisagan mimRebelTaÁsa dasasjel eqmnebis maT, romelTa ara gamoikiTxon, arca gulisxma-yon didebulebaÁ winamdebarisa mis saidumloÁsaÁ. rameTu, ukeTu ese oden mebr gulisxma-vyoT  viTarmed: ara liton, aramed qristes xorc da sisxl ars igi, ese oden kma iyos Cvenda ganmakrZalebelad. xolo ese Tu ara vyoT, gulisxma-yav, viTarmed igi, mizezi yovelTa keTilTaÁ _ xorcielad mosmaÁ qristesi _ umetesisa dasjisa momatyuebel ars maTda, romelTa ara Seiwynaron igi. egreTve ganmwmedeli ese sulTa da xorcTai da wmidaÁ wmidaTaÁ saidumloÁ umetesisa dasjisa momatyuebel ars.[28]

`amaT uxrwnelTa da wmidaTa saidumloTa ziarebaÁ ganeyofvis sarwmunoebiT ukue da RirsebiT mimRebelTa misatevebelad codvaTa da cxovrebad saukunod da dasacvelad sulisa da xorcTa, xolo urwmunoebiT da uRirsebiT mimRebelTa _ satanjvelad da viTarca igi sikvdili uflisaÁ morwmuneTa ukue eqmna cxoreba da uxrwneleba da momatyuebel saukunoÁsa netarebisa, xolo urwmunoTa da uflisa mkvlelTa _ satanjvel da dasasjel saukunod~ - wers ioane oqropiri[29]

` ... ekrZale, nu herodes emsgavsebi da sTqva: `movide meca da Tayvanivsce mas~ (mT. 2,8), da mo-raÁ-xvide, moklvaÁ misi ganizraxo~. _ ganagrZobs wmida mama,_ `icia, Tu vin arian eseni? eseni arian msgavs herodesa, romelni uRirsebiT eziarebodin wmidaTa maT saidumloTa, romelTaTvis ityvis mociquli viTarmed: `romeli Wamdes pursa amas da sumides sasumelsa amas uflisasa uRirsebiT, Tanamdeb ars igi xorcsa da sisxlsa uflisasa.~ eseviTarTa maT aqvs TavTa TvisTa Soris mZlavri igi boroti, Sewuxebuli meufebisaTvis qristesisa, uborotesi igi pirvelisa mis herodesa, ukeTuri beliari, romelman maSin herode brZolad RmrTisa aRadgina; da awca morCilTa misTa bevreulTa borotTa safrTxesa SesTxevs da miavlens maT saxiTa TayvaniscemisaÁTa da saqmiTa mkvlelobisaÁTa. gveSinoden ukue Cvenca, nuukue saxe mvedrebelTa da TayvanismcemelTaÁ gvaqvndes da saqme winaaRmdgomTaÁ gvetvirTos; amisTvis SiSiT da ZrwoliT mouxdeT Tayvaniscemad, ganvagdoT Cvengan raÁca boroti gvaqundes, SevwiroT misa ZRvnad, raÁca keTili da patiosani ipoebodis Cven Tana: gina Tu oqroÁ, ginaTu vecxli, anu Tu sxvaÁ raÁme safaseTagani da pativcemuli kacTa mier. xolo viTar SevwiroT misa? glaxakTa ganuyoT da Seiwiros man Tavisa Tvisisad.~[30]

`eseca ara sadame ujero ars, viTarmed, romelTa arawmidiTa gonebiTa miiRon xorci da sisxli qristesi, daisajebian msgavsadve maTsa, romelTa dahmSWvales igi Zelsa zeda. ixile ukue, viTar saSinelad gamoaCina pavle saSjeli igi uRirsTaÁ da Tqva: viTarmed: `Seuracx-Tu-yos vinme Sjuli mosesi, Tvinier wyalobisa, orTa anu samTa mowameTa zeda mokvdebis.~ xolo raoden ufroÁsisa sasjelisa hgonebT Rirs-yofad, romelman Ze RmrTisaÁ daTrgunos da sisxli igi aRTqmulisa litonad Sehracxos, romlisa mier wmida iqmna eklesiaÁ.~[31]

ziarebis win sinanulisa da sulis ganwmendisaken mogviwodebs wm. mama grigol palama: `sityva sulebis macxovnebel Tesls SeiZleba SevadaroT. miwis muSakni jer niadags afxviereben, Semdeg Tesls agdeben xnulSi da Cvenc, Tavdapirvelad suli unda ganviwmidoT sibilweTagan, aRvmaRldeT da ganvemzadoT zeciuri Teslis misaRebad, anu RmrTis sityvis mosasmenad... sulis ganwmendis sawindari sinanulia; ioane naTlismcemlis mier naTlisReba sxva araferia, Tu ara codvaTa aRiareba, viTarca saxarebaSi weria: `naTels-iRebdnen iordanesa Sina misgan da aRuarebdes codvaTa maTTa.~ (mT. 3,5). maSasadame, codvaTa aRiareba dasabamia sulis Semkoba-gamSvenierebisa... rogorc miwis muSakni marglaven da miwis wiaRidan glejen sarevela balaxs, raTa Tesli gaRvivdes da nergi aRmocendes, aseve sulieri gamargvla xdeba monaniebis Jams.~[32]

imereTis episkoposi wm. gabriel qiqoZe, rodesac gvesaubreba wminda ziarebis saidumloze, gvarigebs: `Tqven ganmzadebul xarT ziarebisaTvis; erT wamsac nu daiviwyebT, romel ziareba aris wyaro cxovnebisa mxolod RirsebiT momzadebulTaTvis, xolo uRirsTa da udebTaTvis igi gardaiqceva cecxlad sasjelisa.

nu gaqvs imedi, nu sasoeb, romel marxva didi rame msxverpli iyos RmrTis winaSe, romel grZel Jamier locvaze dgoma, mravali metaniis yra, didad raimed miiRos RmerTman, Tu ar moakvdine Sen Soris asoni codvisani, Tu ar ganaxldi sulierad. arca marxva, arca mravali locvis mosmena, arca aRsarebis Tqma ar gacxonebs Sen, Tu sruliad ar ganeSore codvas, Tu ar mokvda is matli codvisa, romeli sWams Sens guls. nu daakmayofileb Sen Tavs mxolod marxviTa, locviTa da aRsarebis TqmiT. dasamtkiceblad misa, rom Sen amieriTgan gsurs gulwrfelad moakvdino asoni codvisani, Seimose axali ganaxlebuli cxovreba, aRasrule roelnime keTilni saqmeni. Tu visTame ukmayofilo, anu mter xar, Seurigdi mas gul-wrfelad; Tu Sen gulSi grZnob romelsame codvas, ganiSore igi da moiZule; Tu icnob visme sawyalsa, gaWirvebulsa, mieci mas nugeSi, SeZlebisamebr Senisa.

erTi sityviT, axlave daiwye nayofis gamoReba, axlave mieCvie keTilsa saqmesa da RmerTs aCvene Seni erTguleba da morCileba.~[33]

`veziaroT qristes aRTqmul sisxls, gulisxmavyoT raTa es madli ar davkargoT da ganvaqarvoT sakuTari usjuloebis gamo, ris Sedegadac davisjebiT da STavvardebiT saukuno satanjvelSi.~ - gvafrTxilebs grigol palama. `aRTqmuli sisxli, romelmac egzom gangvabrwyina, ara-Rirsad ar unda Seiracxos (ebr. 10,29). es udidesi naanderZevi swored maT ekuTvniT, romlebmac wmida ziarebiT miRebuli gaciskrovneba SeinarCunes da kidec daimkvidres sasufeveli caTa, xolo umZimes satanjvelSi STacvivian is adamianebi, romlebmac wmida ziarebis Semdgom RmrTis wyaloba Seuracxyves, moses sjuls gardaxdnen. isini, Tanaxmad moses sjulisa, umowyalo sikvdiliT daisjebian.[34]

samRvdeloebasac mkacrad afrTxilebs msoflio moZRvari ioane oqropiri: `xolo jer-ars Tqvenda mimarTca Tqmad, romelni-ege pativiTa mRdelobisaÁTa dadginebul xarT, ganmyofelad niWisa mis didisa, raiTa krZalulebiT ganuyofdeT. rameTu ara mciredi sasjeli migexados Tqven, ukeTu icodiT visime araRirsebai da aziaroT saidumloisa misgan. igi daisajos da sisxli misi xelTagan TqvenTa iZios, daRacaTu erisTavi iyos, anu mTavari, anu TviT mefeca, da uRirsebiT mouxdebodis, daayene, umetesi missa gaqvs Sen xelmwifebaÁ.

xolo Senda ukeTumca rwmunebul iyo wyaroÁ wmidaÁ, sasumelad samwysoÁsa, da ixilemca erTi cxovari mwviriTa SebRaluli, aramca miuSvi Sesvlad wyarosa mis. xolo aw rwmunebul ars Senda ara wyaroÁ wylisaÁ, aramed xorci da sisxli sameufoÁ, da xedav vieTme codviTa SebRalulTa da ara ayeneb, did ars brali ese, did ars sasjeli ese. amisTvis moucemies RmerTsa Tqvenda pativi ese, raÁTa amas ganarCevdeT. ese ars saqme Tqveni, ese ars gvirgvini Tqveni. ara Tu ese ars, raiTa spetakiTa Semosilni SemoxvideT cudad, aramed raÁTa amas saqmesa ekrZalebodeT.

ekrZaleniT, rameTu aravis maxvili misceT sazrdelisa wil, rameTu esreT ars uRirsTa ziarebaÁ. daRacaTu vinme uRirsi umecrebiT movidodes ziarebad, daayeneT, nu SeSindebiT, geSinoden RmrTisagan da nu kacTagan.

xolo amas yovelsa ara Tu amisTvis vityvi, raÁTa davayenneT oden da garemivaqcineT, aramed raÁTa ganhvmarTneT uwesod mavalni da esreT vaziaroT.~[35]

`amisTvisca ukue vekrZalneT TavTa CvenTa, Zmano Cemno sayvarelno, romelTada mocemul arian eseviTari ese keTilni, da raJams guenebos borotisa Tqmad, anu aRvitacebodiT guliswyromad da risxvad, anu sxvad raime vnebad, maSin movixsenoT, Tu viTarTa saqmeTa Rirsqmnul varT, viTari suli mocemul ars Cvenda.~ - aRniSnavs  oqropiri, _ `da iyavn ese sityvaÁ aRvirmsxmel borotTa maT vnebaTa, rameTu vidremdis SemSWvalul varT warmavalTa amaT saqmeTa? vidremdis ara ganvifrTxobT? vidremdis ara vzrunavT cxovrebisaTvis sulTa CvenTasa? gulisxma-vyoT, Tu viTarTa keTilTa Rirs uqmieT qristesa. vhmadlobdeT mas da vadidebdeT mas, nu sarwmunoebiT oden, aramed saqmiTaca, raÁTa Rirs viqmneT keTilTa maT saukuneTa madliTa da kacTmoyvarebiTa uflisa Cuenisa iesu qristesiTa, romlisa mier da romlisa Tana mamasa hSvenis didebai suliT wmidiTurT aw da maradis da ukuniTi ukunisamde, amin. “[36]

eklesia gvixmobs xSiri ziarebisaken

    ufali brZanebs Tavis wmida saxarebaSi ,,romeli Wamdes xorcsa Cemsa da sumides sisxlsa Cemsa, igi CemTana dadgromil ars da me misTana.”

    netari avgustine Cveni uflis ieso qristes wmida sisxlisa da xorcis mniSvnelobas, mis ganumeoreblobas da aRmatebulobas Semdegnairad gvixsnis: ,,RmerTi mTeli Tavisi yovlisSemZleobiT, ver SeZlebda moeca CvenTvis raime ufro aRmatebuli; mTeli Tavisi sibrZniTac ki ver ipovida raime ukeTess da mTeli Tavisi simdidris miuxedavad, verc eqneboda raime amaze aRmatebuli – CvenTvis mosaZRvnelad.[37]”

     dRes Cvens eklesiaSi azrTa sxvadasxvaobaa morwmune adamianis xSirad ziarebasTan dakavSirebiT. Cveni da Cveni eris keTildReoba ki imazea damokidebuli, Tu rogori damokidebuleba gvaqvs TiToeul Cvengans macxovarTan da aqedan gamomdinare mis wmida sxeulTan, mis wmida sisxlTan da xorcTan.

    vnaxoT, Tu ras gvaswavlis wmida eklesia ziarebis Sesaxeb.

    ,,saqme mociqulTaSi” vkiTxulobT: ,,da iyvnen gankrZalul moZRvrebasa mas mociqulTasa da ziarebasa da gantexasa purisasa da locvasa” (saqme 2,42). wm. mociqulebma TavianT me_9 kanonSi Seitanes is, rasac TviTon maradis aRasrulebdnen. kerZod, maT mkacri sasjeli daaweses maTTvis, vinc wirvis dros wm. saidumlos ar eziareboda. saxeldobr, am kanonSi vkiTxulobT ,,yvela morwmune, romelic Sedis eklesiaSi, ismens wignis kiTxvas, magram ar elodeba locvasa da wmida ziarebas, rogorc uwesoebis moqmedi, unda daisajos uziareblobiT.”[38]

    antioqiis kreba, upirveles yovlisa adasturebs mociqulTa zemoT moyvanil kanons, Semdeg ki brZanebs: ,,yvela, vinc Seva RmrTis eklesiaSi, moismens saRmrTo wignebs, magram ar eziareba eris saerTo locvebs, an Tavs aaridebs wmida madlobis ziarebas (anu evqaristias), uwesoebis gamo unda ganidevnos eklesiidan, sanam ar aRiarebs Tavis Secdomas, ar uCvenebs sinanulis nayofs da ar Seevedreba. amgvarad miiReben isini Sendobas.”[39]

`wmida mRvdelmTavari filareti, moskovis mitropoliti, ambobs Semdegs: `qristianobis pirvel saukuneebSi eklesiaSi siaruli sadResaswaulo da kvira dReebSi da uflis wmida saidumloTa ziareba morwmuneTa TiTqmis erTaderT ganuxrel movaleobas Seadgenda, ise, rom saeklesio kanonebic ki arseboben, romlebic gmoben im qristians, romelic dadis eklesiaSi da wmida ziarebis miRebis gareSe gamodis misgan (mociqulTa 9 kanoni; antioqiis krebis kanoni?). ai, wesi, Cveuleba, romelic aSkarad ufro srulyofilia, vidre axlandeli Cveuleba! xolo imaT rac Seexeba, vinc weliwadSi erTxelac ki ar mieaxleba uflis trapezs, anda sulac gaucxoebulia misgan,  maTi msjavri saxarebaSia dawerili da gamotanili: `ukeTu ara sWamoT xorci Zisa kacisai da (ara) suaT sisxli misi, ara gaqundes cxorebaÁ TavTa Soris TqvenTa.~[40]

    wm. mama ioane oqropiri, romelic wmida krebebs da mociqulTa kanonebs eyrdnoba, ganaCinebs Semdegs: is, vinc wirvaze modis da ar eziareba, TviT taZarSi Semosvlis Rirsic ki ar aris. (e.i. eklesia ganaCinebs, rom morwmune unda eziarebodes yvela wirvaze, romelsac is eswreba).

    dafiqrdi, gevedrebi,  brZanebs RmrTaebrivi oqropiri, – aq sameufo trapezia, angelozebi msaxureben am trapezs, TviTon meufec aq imyofeba. Sen ki doylapiasaviT dgaxar, Seni sulis Sesamoseli WuWyiania, nuTu ar gawuxebs es? magram iqneb sufTaa? maSin dajeqi da miirTvi am trapezidan.

    Sen ambob _ ,,Rirsi ar var~, maSin arc imis Rirsi  xar, locvaSi monawileobde. qristiano, Tu imis Rirsi ar xar, rom liturgiis dasasruls trapezs miuaxlovde da RmerTi ixilo, maSin kaTakmevelebTan erTad gaecale aqaurobas, vinaidan ,,Sen arafriT xar maTze aRmatebuli~.[41]

`... bevri morwmune iseT ugnurebamde da udebebamde mivida, rom uTvalavi codviT aRvsilni odnavadac ar zrunaven sakuTar Tavze. dResaswaulebis dros daudevrad, rogorc mouxdebaT, ise mieaxlebian am trapezs. is ki ar uwyian, rom ziarebis dro ganisazRvreba ara dResaswauliT an zeimiT, aramed sufTa sindisiTa da SeubRalavi cxovrebiT. visac cudi ar Caudenia, SeiZleba yovel dRe misi ziareba da, piriqiT, codvaSi Caflulisa da mounanieblisTvis dresaswaulze ziarebac ar aris usafrTxo. is, rom weliwadSi erTxel veziarebiT, ar gvaTavisuflebs danaSaulisgan; Tu uRirsad miveaxlebiT, piriqiT moxdeba _ gveqceva ufro did sasjelad is, rom Cven weliwadSi erTxel da maSinac ganuwmendelni veziareT.~[42]

    ,, . . .arc RmrTis gancxadeba, arc didmarxva ziarebis Rirsad ar xdis adamians; ziarebis Rirsad maT xdis siwmide da siwrfele sulisa.~[43]

   ,,. . .dae, nu moeaxleba saidumlos nurc erTi codvili. Tumca ara, ase ar vityvi, ganagrZobs wmida mama, – vinaidan aseT SemTxvevaSi, Tavda pirvellad rigSi sakuTari Tavi unda ganvaSoro wmida trapezs, aramed umjobesia vTqva, _ ,,nuravin moeaxleba saidumlos, vinc ganagrZobs codvil cxovrebas. vici, rom yvelani mxolod da mxolod sasjels vimsaxurebT da rom Cven Soris gulis siwmindiT veravin daikvexnis; magram ubedureba is ki ar aris, gulis siwminde rom ar gagvaCnia, ubedureba isaa, rom ar miveaxlebiT mas, visac Cveni ganwmenda ZaluZs.~[44]

    ai, ras arigebs wminda mama kasiane romaeli maT, vinc Tavs `uRirsad~ miiCnevs da,am mizeziT, Tavs aridebs wminda ziarebas: `Cven ar unda ganveSoroT ziarebas imitom, rom Tavs codvilad miviCnevT, ufro meti da meti wyurviliT unda viswrafodeT misken, sulis gankurnebisa da gawmendisaTvis. uro swori iqneba, yovel kvira dRes veziaroT Cveni salmobebis sakurneblad gulis im simdabliT, romliTac gvwams da vaRiarebT, rom verasodes SevZlebT Rirseulad SevexoT wminda saidumloebebs, vidre gulis amao darwmunebiT aRzvavebulebs gvwamdes, rom weliwadSi erTxel ziarebis Rirsni vxdebiT.~[45]

    wm. mama Teodore studieli brZanebs Semdegs: ,,.amieriTgan vekrZalneT, vinaiTgan gvicnobies niWisa amis Zali da raodenca Zal gvedvas, ganviwmeddeT TavTa TvisTa da veziarebodeT cxovelsmyofelTa amaT wmidaTa saidumloTa. . . . da ese didad Semwe gveyos Cven, raJams ganmzadebisaTvis ziarebisa siwmidiT davimarxvideT TavTa TvisTa. xolo raJams ara gvqondes zrunvaÁ, viTarmed veziarebiT viTar ara warvityvenvneT vnebaTagan.”[46]

    anu, ziarebisaTvis mzadeba didi sargeblis momtania sulisaTvis, rameTu am dros morwmune adamiani cdilobs siwmide daicvas, Tavi Seikavos codvebisagan, ganeSoros vnebebs. xolo Tu ar vemzadebiT ufalTan Sesaxvedrad, misi wmida xorcisa da sisxlis misaRebad, maSin rogorRa davicavT Tavs vnebaTagan? – aRSfoTebuli kiTxulobs wm. mama Teodore studieli.

`ese WeSmariti ziarebaÁ uxrwnelTa saidumloTai daRacaTu vieTme mier winagamomsaxvelad da saxed saxel-idebodis, ara Tu amisTvis iTqmis: viTarmca ara WeSmaritad xorci qristesi iyo, romeli-ese nu iyofin! aramed amisTvis, rameTu amis mier veziarebiT RmrTeebasa qristessa, ese igi ars, WamiTa da sumiTa amisiTa. xolo mermesa mas saukunesa arRara esreT, aramed mxolod xedviTa oden ziar missa viqmnebodiT.~[47]

    wm. mama apolosi, romelic Tebaidis udabnoSi moRvaweobda da RmrTisagan winaswarmetyvelebis niWi hqonda miRebuli, gvaswavlis: ,,berebi, Tuki SeuZliaT, wmida saidumloebebs yoveldRe unda eziaron, radgan is vinc mudmivad eziareba, Tavis wiaRSi marad iRebs macxovars.”[48]

    Tumca, xSiri ziareba mxolod samonazvno tradicia rodia. nuTu mxolod monazonT eubneba macxovari: ,,miiReT da sWameT ese ars xorci Cemi”, ,,hsuT amisgan yovelTa, ese ars sisxli Cemi axlisa aRTqmisa TqvenTvis da mravalTaTvis daTxeuli misateveblad codvaTa.” wmida marTlmadidebeli eklesia yoveli morwmunisaTvis ganawesebs xSir ziarebas.

    cnobili rusi saeklesio moRvawe dekanozi valentin svencicki Semdegs gvaswavlis.

    `ziareba unda miiRo ara weliwadSi erTxel, rogorc es  ama soflisaken midrekil qristianebs eqcaT Cvevad, aramed bevrjer, rogorc monasterSia miRebuli, radgen xSiri ziarebis gareSe SeuZlebelia sulieri cxovreba erSi.~[49]

    ioane oqropiri Tavis erT-erT swavlebaSi mogviwodebs wmida gonebiT miveaxloT saRmrTo saidumlos da dasZens, rom wmida cxovrebisaken ara mxolod monazvnebs mouwodebs qriste, aramed zogadad yvela morwmunes. igi brZanebs: ,, arian vieTnime Tqven Soris, romelni igi ityvian: ,,rai ars sityvai Seni, romel yovelive sixarulisa da gancxromisgan gvayeneb? anu rasame gvawvev yofad, warsvlad udabnoTa da wessa monazonobisasa Semosad? ese arian sityvani ugnurTa da ugulisxmoTani; amisTvis vfiqrob, rom hgonebT, Tu monazonTa xolo marTebs siwmide da wesiereba. ara uwyiTa, viTarmed qristeman rjuli qristianobisa yovelTa zogadad gvamcno? ... yovelive mcneba zogadad mocemul ars eriskacTa da monazonTa Tvinier xolo qorwinebisa.~[50]

     movusminoT, ras amboben xSir ziarebaze wmida mamebi Rirsi nikidimos mTawmideli da wmida mRvdelmTavari makari korinTeli:

    ~samRvdelo wesi imaSi mdgomareobs, rom igi saRmrTo saidumloTa Sewirvisa da aRsrulebis iaraRi unda iyos, suli wmindis gardamosvlis meSveobiT. magram ziarebisas mRvdels eriskacTa da monazonTagan sxva araferi ganasxvavebs, garda imisa, rom mRvdeli aziarebs, eriskaci ki eziareba.…~  iqve wers Rirsi mama nikodemos mTawmindeli: ~is mRvdlebi, romlebic ar aziareben saRmrTo ziarebas, SiSiT da sarwmunoebiT miaxlebul qristianebs, ganisjebian RmrTisagan rogorc mkvlelebi~.[51]

    Cven xom sazomad mxolod da mxolod qristes eklesiis kanonebi da mociqulTa dadgenilebebi gvaqvs, is kanonebi da dadgenilebebi, romlebic gvibrZaneben, Tu SevZlebT, yoveldRec ki veziaroT, an kviraSi oTxjer,  rogorc basili didi da RvTaebrivi oqropiri brZaneben, an, ukidures SemTxvevaSi, SabaT-kviras da dResaswaulebze mainc”.

    igive azrs aviTarebs wmida mama Teofane dayudebuli: `Zalian gawuxeben xSiri ziarebis gamo? nu SeZrwundebiT, yvela ase unda iqceodes, magram ar damkvidrda CvenTan es Cvevad (igulisxmeba ruseTis eklesia). aRmosavleTSi qristianebi xSirad eziarebian,  ara marto did marxvaSi. Tavdapirvelad qristes eklesiaSi yovel wirvaze yvelani eziarebodnen. basili dids hkiTxes, SeiZleba Tu ara xSiri ziareba da rogori sixSiriT. man upasuxa, rom ara marto SeiZleba, aramed aucilebelia. xolo imis Sesaxeb, TuU rogori sixSiriT unda eziaron, upasuxa: Cven kviraSi oTxjer veziarebiT, _ oTxSabaTs, paraskevs, SabaTsa da kviras. ,,CvenSi igulisxmeba yvela kesarieli. kiTxva exeboda ara mRvdelmsaxurebs, aramed eriskacebs.  yovel wirvaze mRvdeli mouwodebs: `SiSiTa RmrTisaiTa da sarwmunoebiT movediT”. aqedan gamomdinare, yovel wirvaze SeiZleba ziareba.  mxolod ecadeT yovelmxriv moemzadoT, rogorc saWiroa da SiSiT, ZrwoliT, sarwmunoebiT, SemusvrilebiTa da sinanulis grZnobiT eziaroT.”[52]

     wmida mama serafim saroveli erT-erT Tavis werilSi wers :

    ,,rac ufro xSirad eziareba adamiani qristes wmida da cxovelsmyofel saidumlos, miT ukeTesia. Sen, maTi sulieri mama, amas nu aukrZalav, rameTu Zalze didia ziarebiT moniWebuli madli. ufalma yoveli CvenTagani gamoisyida, Tumca ki TaviT ferxamde codviT viyaviT dawylulebulni. da rac ar unda codvili da uRirsi iyos kaci, oRond sakuTari codvebis SegnebiTa da simdabliT mieaxlos ufals, oRond ki ase mieaxlos da qristes madliT iwyebs ganwmendas, mamao, ufro da ufro ganaTldeba, mTlianad gabrwyindeba da cxondeba.~[53]

    wmida episkoposi egnate brianCaninovi gvaswavlis:

   ,,RmerTTan erToba asazrdove saxarebiseuli cxovrebiT da qristes wmida saidumloTa SeZlebisdagvarad xSiri ziarebiT.”[54]

    axla gavecnoT wmida dekanoz ioane kronStadtelis naTqvams xsenebul sakiTxze:

    ,,... Tuki Cven yovel dRe viswrafviT xrwnadi, miwieri sakvebis da sasmelisaken, gana miT ufro movaleni ara varT, gvSiodes da gvwyurodes uxrwneli sakvebi da uxrwneli sasmeli, romlelic aris Cveni cxovrebis winamZRvris, – ufal ieso qristes sisxli da xorci. amasTan, ganaTlebul Tu gaunaTlebel xalSi, ganswavlul berebsa da mRvdlebs Sorisac ki moiZebnebian umecarni, romelnic araswor da codvil saqmedac ki miiCneven RmrTismosav eriskacTa yovel kvira da yovel dRe ziarebas. es ki siyvaruliT aRsavse uflis mcnebebs ewinaaRmdegeba, uflisa romelsac nebavs, raTa morwmuneni, misi yovladwmida sisxlisa da xorcis SeZlebisdagvarad xSiri, ziarebisaTvis zrunavdnen.~[55]

yoveli qarTvelisaTvis sayvareli wminda mama, imereTis episkoposi gabrieli gvarigebs: `macxovarma sTqva erTxel: vinc CemTan ar aris, is Cemi mteria, vinc CemTan ar Sehkrebs, igi ganabnevs. ese igi, vinc ar cdilobs, rom Tan-da-Tan umjobesi Seiqmnes sulierad, igi Tan-da-Tan uaresi gaxdeba da mteri Seiqmneba qristesi, sulieri simdidre emsgavseba xorciels simdidresa: Tu vaWari kaci ar cdilobs, rom yovelTvis cot-cota mainc daumatos Tvissa simdidresa, bolos igi sruliad gaRaribdeba. egreTve, Tu qristiane ar cdilobs, rom Tan da Tan umjobesi Seiqmnes, bolos uaresi Seiqmneba da warwymdeba.

aha, risTvis cdilobs eklesia Segagonos Tqven, romel yovelTvis iyvneT locvaSi, marxvaSi, monanebaSi, da xSirad aRsareba sTqvaT da eziaroT. kvlavad vsTxov RmerTsa amieriTgan umjobesni iyvneT. amin.~[56]

    wmida grigol RmrTismetyveli ki gaocebiT kiTxulobs:  `gaognebuli da gancvifrebuli var! rogor SeuZliaT dRevandel qristianebs izeimon kviradRe, Tu wlis sxva dResaswauli  da ganixaron sulieri, WeSmariti sixaruliT, Tu mudmivad ar iReben wminda ziarebas, romelic aris sababi da mizezi dResaswaulisa da zeimisa.~[57]

    wminda eqvTime mTawmindeliseul mcire sjulis kanonSi vkiTxulobT: `yovel kviriakesa SekrbebodeT locvad da Jamis wirvad da ixarebdiT sixaruliTa sulieriTa~.  sulier sixarulSi swored wminda ziareba igulisxmeba.

      Cveni winaprebi yovel kvira dRes, yovel RResaswaulze  ikribebodnen eklesiaSi RmrTis sadideblad, eziarebodnen uflis wminda sisxls da xorcs da xarobdnen sulieri sixaruliT. wmida saidumloebebTan xSiri miaxlebiT gaZlierebuli da suli wmidis madliT ganmtkicebuli Cveni mama-papa, maradis RmrTis siyvarulSi imyofeboda da ufalTan ganSorebas sikvdils amjobinebda. amis naTeli magaliTia asi aTasi wm. Mmowame metexis xidTan wamebuli.

      misma uwmindesobam, sruliad saqarTvelos kaTolikos-patriarqma 2007 wlis saSobao epistoleSi mogviwoda Semdegi sityvebiT: `mogmarTavT yvelas, gansakuTrebiT axalgazrdobas, SeinarCuneT Cveni TviTmyofadoba, Cveni tradiciuli qristianuli cxovrebis wesi. ibrZoleT Cveni gmiri winaprebis msgavsad, raTa sakuTar TavSi da Tqvens garSemo daicvaT Tqveni wili saqarTvelo, dRes es omia Tqveni didgori, Tqveni basiani~[58]

swored mudmivi ziarebisaTvis mzadebaSi mdgomareobs qristianuli cxovrebis wesi. xolo TviT ziareba aris erT-erTi mZlavri iaraRi, Cveni fari da maxvili, xiluli da uxilavi mtrebis winaaRmdeg brZolaSi.

      da bolos, davasrulebT wminda mamis, ioane oqropiris SegonebiT: `aw ukve nu udeb viqmnebiT, romelni ese Rirs viqneniT eseviTarsa siyvarulsa da pativsa mis mier, mouxdeT surviliT da sarwmunoebiT wmindasa amas barZimsa, OmoviRoT sazrdeli igi sulieri, viTarca CvilTa wadierebiT MmiiRian sZe, moviRoT madli igi sulisa wmidisa da ese iyavn Cvenda mwuxareba odes davakldeT amas keTilsa~[59] amin

daskvna

RmerTis SewevniT, wmida werilsa da wmida mamaTa Txzulebebze dayrdnobiT warmoCnda, Tu raoden sasargeblo da aucilebelia sulisaTvis ganuwyveteli ziareba, rom amis gareSe SeuZlebelia RmrTis siyvarulis mopoveba, _ RmrTisa, romelmac Segvqmna Cven, da rodesac movkvdiT codviT, xelaxla gvSva.

axla mxolod is mogveTxoveba, rom vaRiaroT Cveni codvebi, SevasruloT epitemia da seZlebisdagvarad jerovnad momzadebulebi SiSiT da ZrwoliT miveaxloT saidumlos. dae, Cven yovelni, visac, fsalmunTmgaloblis TqmiT, ,,gvnebavs cxovrebaÁ da gviyvaran xilvad dReni keTilni,” miveaxloT tkbil iesos, Cvens ufals, romelic yoveldRe gvixmobs wminda trapezidan: `movediT da WameT Cemi puri da sviT Rvino Cemi, romelic gangizaveT wminda barZimSi; movediT, raTa ganaTldeT suliT da xorciT, raTa gamoizardoT da ganZReT ukvdavebis sasmeliT da saWmeliT, da raTa gankiTxvis Jams `pirsa Tqvensa ara rcxvenes~.

sanam jer kidev gvaqvs dro da Jami, `viqmodeT keTilsa~, viTarca brZanebs mociquli: `aha, esera aw ars Jami igi SewynarebisaÁ, aha, esera aw ars dRe igi cxovrebisaÁ~ (2 kor. 6,2); visminoT winaswarmetyvel ieremiasi, romelic ambobs: `dadeqiT gzaTa zeda da ixileT, da ikiTxeniT alagni uflisani saukuneni da ixileT, romel ars gza keTili, da vidodeT mas zeda da hpovoT ubiwo-yofai sulTa TqvenTa~. (ierem. 6,16);

saidumlo serobis dros romelime mociquls rom ganecxadebina: `me dRes ar veziarebi,” sainteresoa, ras etyoda mas ieso qriste? vfiqrobT, ueWvelad imas etyoda, rac petre mociquls uTxra ferxTbanvis dros: `ukueTu ara dagbanne Sen ferxni, ara gaqundes nawili CemTana~ (ioan. 13,8). da saidumlo serobis drosac igives gaumeorebda ziarebis uarismyofels: `ukeTu ara sWamo xorci Cemi da sva sisxli Cemi, ara gaqvndes nawili CemTana.~

Cvenc igives gvimeorebs dRes ieso qriste yovel liturgiaze: `ukeTu ara sWamoT xorci Zisa kacisaÁ da svaT sisxli misi, ara gaqundeT cxovrebaÁ TavTa Soris TqvenTa.~ (ioan 6,53)  oRondac, es mxolod im SemTxvevaSi, rodesac morwmune moZRvris mier ki araa dasjili uziareblobiT da imitom ki ar akldeba am zeciur madls, aramed imis gamo, rom mavne Cveulebasaa ayolili.

yovel jerze, roca morwmune eswreba sicocxlis trapezs, sikvdili marcxdeba misTvis. ziarebis dros aRsrulebuli saidumlo xdeba erTgvari mkurnaloba ukvdavebisaTvis, sawindari qmedeba sikvdilis winaaRmdeg, raTa yovelTvis iyos cxovreba ieso qristeSi. yovelTvis, rodesac vmonawileobT sameufo serobis saRamoSi, vixsenebT yovelives, Cvens gamo aRsrulebuls, agreTve uflis meored didebiT mosvlas. maRal sakurTxevelSi evqaristiis saSualebiT aRsrulebuli sameufo msxverplSewirva ontologiurad da qarizmatulad ganiwmindeba, uerTdeba meored mosvlis dRes mis dausrulebel samefoSi.

gaxseneba da molodini erTiandeba evqaristiul gamocdilebaSi, saswauli RmerTkacis mosvlisa, romelic Semusravs yovelgvar borkilebs. is gvixsnis Cven gzas, axals da sicocxliT sasvses da aseTi saxiT, Cven yovel wmindanTan erTad sikvdilisa Semusvrasa jojoxeTisasa vdResaswaulobT, dasabamsa da mizezsa axlisa cxovrebisasa (tropari aRdgomis me-7 kanonidan).

saidumlo saRmro, evqaristiisa es aris eklesiis erTobis gamoxatuleba. liturgikuli, evqaristiuli Sekreba, es aris gamovlineba eklesiisa, qristes sxeulisa. es aris axali urTierToba adamianebisa. eklesia ikvebeba da viTardeba macxovris sisxlisa da xorcis saSualebiT. es aris _ qristes sxeuli, radgan macxovarma Seimosa xorci eklesiisa. da rodesac mivida is Tavis TavSesafarSi da hpova is SebRaluli, gangmiruli, gaSiSvlebuli, sisxliT SeRebili, ganbana, scxo nelsacxebeli, daapura, Sexvia kvarTSi, sxvad gardascvala igi da aseTi saxiT aRiyvana is caTa sasufevelSi.

jvarze da jvriT damarcxebulia eSmaki, evqaristiis saSualebiT Cven viTavisebT am gamarjvebas. Cven vbrundebiT samefo trapezidan `cecxlovanni~... saSiSni eSmakisaTvis. sisxli da xorci meufisa amarcxebs tirans da gviZRvnis Cven Tavisuflebas. amis Semdeg sxeuli aRar warmoadgens miwas da ferfls da Cven aRara varT tyveni, aramed Tavisufalni. amitom vsasoebT zecas, raTa miviRoT misgan madli, ukvdavi cxovreba, angelozTa xvedri, qristesTan erToba da Tanamyofoba.     

CvenTvis mxolod wminda werilis sityvebs moaqvs sargebeli, xolo vin warmoTqvams am sityvebs, es umniSvneloa. amitomac, rasac gveubnebian, yvelaferi, yoveli sityva, wminda werils unda SevudaroT, Tu eTanxmeba werils, unda miviRoT, xolo Tu ar eTanxmeba, ar unda miviRoT, vinc ar unda gviTxras igi. Cven gulmodgined unda vakvirdebodeT yovel sityvas da ar unda gardavxdeT imas, rac RmerTSemosilma mamebma dagviweses, Tuki ar gvinda, rom swori gza davkargoT. ufali mogviwodebs markoz maxareblis mier aRweril saxarebaSi: `iRviZebdiT ukue, rameTu ara iciT, odes-igi ufali saxlisaÁ mis movides: mwuxri, anu SuaRames, anu qaTmisa xmobasa, anu ganTiad. nuukue movides meyvseulad da gpovnes Tqven mZinareni. xolo romelsa ese getyvi Tqven, yovelTa vetyvi: mRviZare iyveniT.~ (mark. 13. 35-37).

mRviZare yofna ufalTan Sesaxvedrad gvesaWiroeba. Cven ki ufals wminda ziarebis dros vegebebiT. aqedan gamomdinare, Cven unda vebrZodeT codvas, viqmodeT keTil saqmeebs da yovelTvis, rodesac wminda liturgiaze dasaswrebad mivdivarT, Sesabamisad unda movemzadoT ufalTan Sesaxvedrad anu wminda ziarebis misaRebad. swored amaSi mdgomareobs `mRviZare yofna~ da uflis am mcnebis aRsruleba.

aqedan da yovelive zemoT Tqmulidan SegviZlia davaskvnaT, rom eklesiis winamZRvarni da moZRvarni unda amzadebdnen, mouwodebdnen da aRZravdnen qristes samwysoSi uwyveti ziarebis saSualebiT gamudmebulad ufalTan yofnis survils. xolo cxovarni qristesni, asoni eklesiisani, unda ismendnen, misdevdnen da aRasrulebdnen am mowodebas.

evqaristiis dros xdeba ori bunebis SeerTeba, miwierisa da zecierisa, kacobrivisa da RmrTaebrivisa, istoriuli kuTxiT evqaristiuli saidumlo SeiZleba davyoT sam nawilad. pirveli nawili aResrula maSin, rodesac yovladwminda RvTismSoblis saSoSi suli wmindis moqmedebiT Caisaxa RmerTkaci ieso qriste, rodesac moxda Seurevnelad da ganuyofelad SeerTeba RmrTisa adamianTan, zeciuri bunebisa kacobriv bunebasTan. meore da mesame nawili evqaristiuli SeerTebisa aRasrula TviT ufalma ieso qristem saidumlo serobis dros Semdegi formuliT: `hmadlobda da gantexa da misca~ (maT. 26. 26). am dros moxda purisa da Rvinis gardaqmna qristes sisxlad da xorcad, anu materialuri nivTierebis _ zeciurad da RmrTaebrivad, Tvalwin gvaqvs isev ori bunebis SeerTeba ufal ieso qristeSi da es pirveli ori evqaristiuli moqmedeba, pirveli ori SeerTeba moxda imisaTvis, rom aRsrulebuliyo mesame mizezi da mizani pirveli orisa. Tavis mowafeebis da mociqulebis ziarebis saSualebiT aResrula mesame nawili evqaristiuli SeerTebisa, rodesac qriste adamians kvebavs Tavis wminda sisxliT da xorciT. am dros qriste uerTdeba adamians da imkvidrebs masTan. qriste Semodis CvenSi da Cven vimyofebiT qristeSi, isev win gvaqvs SeerTebuli ori buneba, amjerad, aramxolod SeerTebuli, aramed urTierTaRreuli da TanaSerwymuli.

RmerTma miiRo monis xati, iSva dedamiwaze da iqceoda kacTa Soris. man codvani Cvenni itvirTa da jvarze Sewira Tavi mamas Cveni gamoxsnisaTvis da sakvebad mogvca msxverplad Sewiruli Tavis sxeuli, raTa Cven ganvRmrTobiliyaviT da nawili gvqonoda masTan da masSi. evqaristiis dros Tavidan aResruleba saRmrTo istoria, Soba, jvarcma da sakuTari sxeulis adamianebisaTvis sakvebad micema. da rogorc Sobis gareSe ver moxdeboda jvarcma da adamianis ganRmrToba, an jvarcmis gareSe azri ar eqneboda Sobas da ver moxdeboda adamianis gamoxsna da ganRmrToba, aseve adamianis ganRmrTobis, misi RmerTTan ziarebis  gareSe azri ekargeba saRmrTo istoriis pirvel or moqmedebas _ Sobas da jvarcmas. da Tu adamianis ganRmrToba, liturgikuli TvalTaxedviT, xdeba beTlemSi Sobili da jvarze Sewiruli macxovris wminda sisxlis da xorcis Wamis saSualebiT, maSin saRmrTo liturgiis dros es samive evqaristiuli moqmedeba ganuSorebelia erTmaneTisagan. xolo vinc mas arRvevs, is ewinaaRmdegeba RvTis gangebas. aqedan gamomdinare, Cven, qristianebi valdebulni varT madlierebiT miviRoT Cvendami gaRebuli RmerTis es didi wyaloba, romelsac ufali ieso qriste yovelTvis gviZRvnis Tavisi samRvdeloebis xeliT, raTa ganiRmrTos eklesia, romelic warmoadgens evqaristiul krebuls.

da bolos, erTxel kidev davsZenT, rom RmrTisadmi siyvarulis Zalas ganamtkicebs, aaRorZinebs da srulyofs ieso qristes sisxlisa da xorcis xSiri ziareba. WeSmariti paseqi da WeSmariti dResaswauli xom qristea sulisaTvis _ qriste, romelic saidumloSi msxverplad Seiwirvis. da Tu Cven gvinda, ganviwmindoT yoveldRiuri Secodebebisagan, romlebsac adamianuri uZlurebis gamo xSirad CavdivaT, uwyvetad miveaxloT SiSiT da gulSemusvrilebiT wminda saidumlos, romlis meSveobiTac ganviwmindebiT da aRixoceba Cveni Secodebebi. vfiqrobT, TiToeuli Cvengani cxovrebis wesiT da piradi magaliTiT unda cdilobdes xeli SevuwyoT Cvens eklesiaSi xSiri ziarebis uZvelesi wesis aRdgena-damkvidrebas. im wesisa, romliskenac mogviwodebs ufali ieso qriste da mis moZRvrebas damorCilebuli wminda mociqulebi, wminda saeklesio krebebi da ganurCevlad yvela dros moRvawe wminda mamebi, romeli cxovrebis wesiTac cxovrobdnen Cveni Rirseuli winaprebi. mxolod aseTi cxovrebis wesiT SeiZleba gavxdeT eri uflisa, raTa aRsruldes Cvens erze RmrTis sityva, daviT winaswarmetyvelis mier Tqmuli:  ~ufalma Zali ersa Tvissa mosces, ufalma akurTxos eri Tvisi mSvidobiT.~ (fsl. 28.11)

gamoyenebuli literatura

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---

* Литургия Божественной Евхаристии, Иеромонах Григорий, святая гора Афон, 2001. стр. 7-13.

1 Иеромонах Григорий, Литургия Божественной Евхаристии, святая гора Афон, 2001. стр. 9.

2 wm. ioane damaskeli. marTl. sarw. zedmiw. gadm., Tv. 86. gv. 251

1 Иеромонах Григорий, Литургия Божественной Евхаристии, святая гора Афон, 2001. стр. 10.

1 Иеромонах Григорий, Литургия Божественной Евхаристии, святая гора Афон, 2001. стр. 11

2 wm. ioane damaskeli. marTl. sarw. zedmiw. gadm., Tv. 86. gv. 436.

1 Иеромонах Григорий, Литургия Божественной Евхаристии, святая гора Афон, 2001. стр. 12.

* Литургия Божественной Евхаристии, Иеромонах Григорий, святая гора Афон, 2001. стр. 13-16.

[1] wm. grigol palama. sityva marTlisa sarwmunoebisa. wigni IV. gv. 424.

* Литургия Божественной Евхаристии, Иеромонах Григорий, святая гора Афон, 2001. стр. 16-26.

[2] wm. ioanes oqropiri. ganmarteba ioanes saxarebisa. nawili I. g., z. aroSvilebi. 1993 w. gv. 312.

[3] wm. ioane oqropiri. TargmanebaÁ maTes saxarebisaÁ. wigni III. gv. 374.

[4] wm. ioane oqropiri. TargmanebaÁ maTes saxarebisaÁ. wigni III. gv. 374-375.

[5] wm. ioane oqropiri. TargmanebaÁ maTes saxarebisaÁ. wigni III. gv. 375,

* Евхаристия таинство царства, протоиерей Александр Шмеман, М. 2006. стр. 13-31.

[6] samociqulos ganmarteba, gamokrebili wm. ioane oqropirisa da sxva wmida mamaTa Txzulebebidan, Targmnili efrem mcire kariWis Zis mier, t. II, 2006, gv. 567.

[7] samociqulos ganmarteba, gamokrebili wm. ioane oqropirisa da sxva wmida mamaTa Txzulebebidan, Targmnili efrem mcire kariWis Zis mier, t. II, 2006, gv. 556.

* В. Я. Малахов, Пресушествление святых даров в таинстве евхаристии, 2007.

[8] wm. ioane damaskeli. marTl. sarw. zedmiw. gadm. Tv. 86. gv. 249.

[9] net. Teofilaqte bulgareli. maTes saxarebis komentarebi. saqarTvelos eklesiis kalendari. saqarTvelos sapatriarqos gamomcemloba, Tbilisi, 2005 w., Tv. 26, gv. 238.

[10] wm. ioane damaskeli. marTl. sarw. zedmiw. gadm., Tv. 86. gv. 248.

[11] wm. ioanes oqropiri. ganmarteba ioanes saxarebisa. g., z. aroSvilebi. 1993 w. nawili I. gv. 314.

* Литургия Божественной Евхаристии, Иеромонах Григорий, святая гора Афон, 2001. стр. 55-61

[12] wm. ioane damaskeli. marTlmadidebluri sarwmunoebis zedmiwevniTi gadmocema, Tv. 86. gv. 246.

[13] wm. grigol palama. sityva marTlisa sarwmunoebisa. wigni IV. gv. 423.

[14] wm. ioane oqropiri. TargmanebaÁ maTes saxarebisaÁ. wigni III. gv. 383.

[15] wm. grigol palama. sityva marTlisa sarwmunoebisa. wigni IV. gv. 421-422.

[16] wm. grigol palama. sityva marTlisa sarwmunoebisa. wigni IV. gv. 423

[17] wm. ioane damaskeli. marTl. sarw. zedmiw. gadm., Tv. 86. gv. 250.

[18] wm. ioanes oqropiri. ganmarteba ioanes saxarebisa. g., z. aroSvilebi. 1993 w. nawili I. gv. 313.

[19] episk. ilia miniatisi. me gismobT dRes! qadagebebi. gv. 84.

[20] wm. grigol palama. sityva marTlisa sarwmunoebisa. wigni IV. gv. 422.

[21] netari Teofilaqte bulgareli. ioanes saxarebis ganmarteba. nawili I. Tbilisi, 2008 w. gv. 138.

[22] wm. ioanes oqropiri. ganmarteba ioanes saxarebisa. g., z. aroSvilebi. 1993 w. nawili I. gv. 314.

[23] wm. ioane oqropiri. TargmanebaÁ mates saxarebisaÁ. wigni I. gv. 132.

[24] wm. grigol palama. sityva marTlisa sarwmunoebisa. wigni IV. gv. 426-427.

* Евхаристия таинство царства, протоиерей Александр Шмеман, М. 2006. 286-306.

[25] mitr. filareti, katexizmo. Prav. Ispov. vopr. 90.

[26] suli wmidis gardamowvevis locvebi.

[27] wm. ioane damaskeli. marTl. sarw. zedmiw. gadm., Tv. 86. gv. 251.

[28] wm. ioane oqropiri da sxva wm. mamebi. samociqulos ganmarteba. Tbilisi, 2006 w. nawili II. gv. 274-275.

[29] wm. ioane damaskeli. marTl. sarw. zedmiw. gadm., Tv. 86. gv. 249.

[30] wm. ioane oqropiri. TargmanebaÁ maTes saxarebisaÁ. wigni I. gv. 132-133.

[31] wm. ioanes oqropiri. ganmarteba ioanes saxarebisa. g., z. aroSvilebi. 1993 w. nawili I.

[32] wm. grigol palama. sityva marTlisa sarwmunoebisa. wigni IV. gv. 418.

[33] wm. gabriel episkoposi (qiqoZe) qadagebani imereTis episkoposisa gabrielisa. quTaisi. 1913 w. tomi I. gv. 157-160.

[34] wm. grigol palama. sityva marTlisa sarwmunoebisa. wigni IV. gv. 425-426.

[35] wm. ioane oqropiri. TargmanebaÁ maTes saxarebisaÁ. wigni III. gv. 384-385.

[36] wm. ioanes oqropiri. ganmarteba ioanes saxarebisa. g., z. aroSvilebi. 1993 w. nawili I. gv. 316-317.

[37] sulieri mdelo gv. 879

[38] didi sjulis kanoni, wmidaTa mociqulTa 9-e kanoni gv. 216.

[39] didi sjuliskanoni, antioqiaSi Sekrebil wmida mamaTa me-2 kanoni gv. 247

[40] (ion. 6,5). mRvdeli grigol diaCenko. sadResaswaulo saxarebis ganmarteba. 1899 w. nawili meore. Tbilisi, 2002 w. gv. 349.

[41] Rirsi nikodimos mTawmindeli; wmida mRvdelmTavvari makari korinTeli: "swavvleba imis Sesaxeb, rom ganuwyvetliv unda veziarebodeT qristes wmida saidumlos", gv14

[42] wm. ioane oqropiri. marTlmadidebeli eklesiis sulieri memkvidreoba. bWe siwmidisa. Tbilisi 2008. gv. 106-107.

[43] Rirsi nikodimos mTawmindeli; wmida mRvdelmTavvari makari korinTeli: "swavvleba imis Sesaxeb, rom ganuwyvetliv unda veziarebodeT qristes wmida saidumlos", gv.14

[44] iqve, gv.63

[45] wminda kasiane romaeli, “mamaTa swavleba sulieri cxovrebis Sesaxeb”, gv 156

[46] triodioni marxvani. oTxSabaTsa meeqvsesa Svideulisasa, xsenebisaTvis sikvdilisa, gv128

[47] wm. ioane damaskeli. marTl. sarw. zedmiw. gadm., Tv. 86. gv. 253.

[48]  aba apolosi, lavsaikoni, gv. 127

[49] dekanozi valentin svencicki, “mamaTa swavlani”, gv10

[50] wm. ioane oqropiri. Targmanebai maTes saxarebisai, wigni I ,,swavla z” gv. 135

[51] marTlmadidebluri msoflmxedveloba #3 gv. 50

[52] mamaTa swavlebebi sulieri csovrebis Sesaxeb, gv.155

[53]  arqimandriti rafaeli (karelini). ziarebis saidumloesa da sulieri moZRvrebisaTvis, gv. 42

[54] iqve gv. 43

[55] arqimandriti rafaeli (karelini). ziarebis saidumloesa da sulieri moZRvrebisaTvis, gv. 46

[56] wm. gabriel episkoposi (qiqoZe) qadagebani imereTis episkoposisa gabrielisa. quTaisi. 1913 w. tomi I. gv. 154.

[57] marTlmadidebluri msoflmxedveloba, Tbilisi 2003 # 3 gv. 49

[58] sapatriarqos uwyebani #1 (401) gv. 3

[59] wm. ioane oqropiri, Tagmanebai maTes saxarebisa wigni III, swavla pg gv, 383.